correlation

American  

[kawr-uh-ley-shuhn, kor-] / ˌkɔr əˈleɪ ʃən, ˌkɒr- /

especially British, corelation

noun

1. mutual relation of two or more things, parts, etc..

   Studies find a positive correlation between severity of illness and nutritional status of the patients.

   Synonyms:

   interconnection, interrelationship, interdependence, equivalence, parallelism, correspondence, similarity

2. the act of correlating or state of being correlated.

3. Statistics. the degree to which two or more attributes or measurements on the same group of elements show a tendency to vary together.

4. Physiology. the interdependence or reciprocal relations of organs or functions.

5. Geology. the demonstrable equivalence, in age or lithology, of two or more stratigraphic units, as formations or members of such.

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correlation British  

/ ˌkɒrɪˈleɪʃən /

noun

1. a mutual or reciprocal relationship between two or more things

2. the act or process of correlating or the state of being correlated

3. statistics the extent of correspondence between the ordering of two variables. Correlation is positive or direct when two variables move in the same direction and negative or inverse when they move in opposite directions

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Pop Culture

—Pearson correlation coefficient: a value between -1 and +1 that represents the relationship between two variables.

Other Word Forms

Derived Forms

• noncorrelation
  noun
• intercorrelation
  noun
• miscorrelation
  noun
• correlational
  adjective

Etymology

Origin of correlation

First recorded in 1555–65; from Medieval Latin: correlātiōn- (stem of correlātiō ); see cor-, relation

Explanation

Correlation is something that scientists are often trying to show––is there a correlation between smoking and poor health or between napping and productivity? How about daily flossing and good grades? Correlation derives from the Latin cor- 'together' and -relatio 'relation'––the word is all about things that go together. But beware: just because a study shows a correlation between two variables, it doesn't mean one necessarily causes the other. There is a significant correlation between going to high school and being a teenager, but that doesn't mean that going to high school causes you to be a teenager.

Example Sentences

Over rolling five-year periods since 1968, the correlation coefficient between monthly changes in gold and the GPR has varied from a low of minus 0.28 to a high of plus 0.33.

From MarketWatch • Jun. 8, 2026

Mr. Rock was highlighting the correlation between unemployment and crime, but public safety isn’t the only concern raised by a large population of idle young males.

From The Wall Street Journal • Jun. 2, 2026

In addition, the oil-yield correlation has gradually weakened over the course of this month.

From Barron's • May 29, 2026

That correlation between energy prices and bond yields has drawn a lot of attention in the market, as the two moved in tandem around the start of this month.

From Barron's • May 29, 2026

Yet there is often a weak correlation between degrees of explicit and implicit bias; many people who think they are not biased prove when tested to have relatively high levels of bias.

From "The New Jim Crow" by Michelle Alexander

Related Words

• interaction
• interrelationship
• parallel