etymology
the derivation of a word.
a chronological account of the birth and development of a particular word or element of a word, often delineating its spread from one language to another and its evolving changes in form and meaning.
the study of historical linguistic change, especially as manifested in individual words.
Origin of etymology
1word story For etymology
Ancient and medieval etymologies are mostly conjectures, puns, or folk etymologies, and are generally wildly incorrect. Cicero, for instance, gives the etymology of Venus (stem Vener- ), the goddess of love, as a derivation of the verb venīre “to come” because love and desire come to all. The most famous etymological howler in Latin is Lūcus a nōn lūcendō “Grove from there being no light,” a pun on lūcus “a clearing, grove” and lūcēre “to shine.” Lūcus a nōn lūcendō first appears in a commentary on the Aeneid by Maurus Servius Honoratus, a grammarian of the late 4th and early 5th centuries.
Common English folk etymologies include cockroach for Spanish cucaracha and chaise lounge for the correct chaise longue. In the case of cockroach, you have the unfamiliar Spanish sounds assimilating with two near-sounding English words, cock and roach. The longue in chaise longue means “long,” but to English readers, looks very close in spelling to lounge, which is a logical use for a chair that is made for reclining on.
Etymology in the sense “the linguistic science that investigates the origins of a word, its relationships with words in other languages, and its historical development in form and meaning” dates from the 1640s.
Other words for etymology
1 | word origin, word source, derivation, origin |
2 | word history, word lore, historical development |
Other words from etymology
- et·y·mo·log·i·cal [et-uh-muh-loj-i-kuhl], /ˌɛt ə məˈlɒdʒ ɪ kəl/, et·y·mo·log·ic, adjective
- et·y·mo·log·i·cal·ly, adverb
- et·y·mol·o·gist, noun
- pseu·do·et·y·mo·log·i·cal, adjective
- pseu·do·et·y·mo·log·i·cal·ly, adverb
- sub·et·y·mol·o·gy, noun, plural sub·et·y·mol·o·gies.
- un·et·y·mo·log·ic, adjective
- un·et·y·mo·log·i·cal, adjective
- un·et·y·mo·log·i·cal·ly, adverb
Words that may be confused with etymology
- entomology, etymology
Dictionary.com Unabridged Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2024
How to use etymology in a sentence
“Device” and “divide” are etymological cousins; a good dramatic device often divides characters from what's “really” going on.
In a word, the term contains a series of expressive innuendos by its etymological derivation.
Essays In Pastoral Medicine | Austin MalleyNeither progress in the languages nor knowledge of mathematics can compensate for the want of a thorough etymological discipline.
Thoughts on Educational Topics and Institutions | George S. BoutwellAnother etymological example sometimes cited is the derivation of the English uncle from the Latin avus.
A System of Logic: Ratiocinative and Inductive | John Stuart MillBut in German, the etymological connexion between Sitte (custom) and Sittlichkeit (morality) is immediately apparent.
The Sexual Life of the Child | Albert Moll
The hyphen distinguishes the etymological meaning of these words as distinguished from their derived and ordinary meaning.
"Stops" | Paul Allardyce
British Dictionary definitions for etymology
/ (ˌɛtɪˈmɒlədʒɪ) /
the study of the sources and development of words and morphemes
an account of the source and development of a word or morpheme
Origin of etymology
1Derived forms of etymology
- etymological (ˌɛtɪməˈlɒdʒɪkəl), adjective
- etymologically, adverb
- etymologist, noun
Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012
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