ibid.

American  

[ib-id] / ˈɪb ɪd /

abbreviation

1. ibidem.

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ibid. British  

abbreviation

1. ibidem

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ibid. Cultural  

1. An abbreviation for ibidem, a Latin word meaning “in the same place.” It is used in footnotes and bibliographies to refer to a source cited in a previous entry.

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Etymology

Origin of ibid.

Latin: in the same place

Explanation

When you see ibid. in a list of references or citations, it's a shortcut that lets you know the given information was found in a previously mentioned source. The word ibid. is actually short for the Latin word ibidem, meaning "in the same place." It is used in citations to refer back to the same source previously cited. This is handy in scholarly work when the same book or article is cited multiple times in a row. For example, if you're writing a paper and use several different facts from the same book, using ibid. can save you from repeating the full citation each time.

Example Sentences

Annandale, "Description of a new species of Spongilla from Orissa," ibid. p. 275.

From Freshwater Sponges, Hydroids & Polyzoa by Annandale, Nelson

“Deliberate confessions of guilt,” says Mr. Greenleaf, ibid. sec.

From Dealings with the Dead, Volume I (of 2) by School, A Sexton of the Old

Stephenson, "On some aquatic Oligoch�te worms commensal in Spongilla carteri," ibid. pp. 233-240.

From Freshwater Sponges, Hydroids & Polyzoa by Annandale, Nelson

Annandale, "Preliminary notice of a collection of Sponges from Burma, with the description of a new species of Tubella," ibid. pp. 157-158.

From Freshwater Sponges, Hydroids & Polyzoa by Annandale, Nelson

Virtutem esse animi affectiomem secum per totam vitam consentientem, ibid., p.

From The World As Will And Idea (Vol. 1 of 3) by Schopenhauer, Arthur