recluse

American  

[rek-loos, ri-kloos, ri-kloos, rek-loos] / ˈrɛk lus, rɪˈklus, rɪˈklus, ˈrɛk lus /

noun

• recluses
  plural

1. a person who lives in seclusion or apart from society, often for religious meditation.

2. Also a religious voluntary immured in a cave, hut, or the like, or one remaining within a cell for life.

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adjective

1. shut off or apart from the world; living in seclusion, often for religious reasons.

2. characterized by seclusion; solitary.

recluse British  

/ rɪˈkluːʒən, rɪˈkluːs /

noun

1. a person who lives in seclusion

2. a person who lives in solitude to devote himself to prayer and religious meditation; a hermit, anchorite, or anchoress

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adjective

1. solitary; retiring

Other Word Forms

Derived Forms

• reclusion
  noun
• nonreclusive
  adjective
• reclusive
  adjective
• unrecluse
  adjective
• unreclusive
  adjective

Inflected Forms

Nouns

• recluses
  plural

Etymology

Origin of recluse

1175–1225; Middle English < Old French reclus < Late Latin reclūsus, past participle of reclūdere to shut up, equivalent to re- re- + -clūd-, combining form of claudere to close + -tus past participle suffix, with dt > s

Explanation

A recluse lives alone, works alone, eats alone, and generally stays away from other people. Anti-social old hermits are recluses, as are a lot of students during exam time. In the early 13th century, a recluse was a person who shut out the world to go meditate on religious issues. But nowadays recluses can think about whatever they want while they're sitting in solitude — they're simply people who shy away from social interaction and live secluded lives. Or think of the Brown Recluse spider, who likes to hide out in dark old boots or undisturbed corners of the basement.

Example Sentences

See Examples For:

recluse recluses

But years of awful press had turned him into a recluse.

From Slate ● Aug. 6, 2026

Paul is a recluse with a reputation as a genius with color.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Jul. 10, 2026

Dawn, who is unable to work following decades of mental and physical health issues, says her experiences transformed her from a "very sociable child" into a "recluse".

From BBC ● Jan. 29, 2026

Born in Virginia, D'Angelo was something of a recluse and only periodically surfaced to release music, most of which was received favorably by fans and critics.

From Barron's ● Oct. 14, 2025

But gram for gram, nothing in the universe comes close to the green speckled recluse; among other spiders, compared with the green speckled recluse, the black widow was a rag doll.

From "The Princess Bride" by William Goldman

"The 'culture' of shame in Korea makes it more difficult for recluses to talk about their problems," Mr Yoo said.

From BBC ● May 26, 2023

The quartet’s exhilarating brand of emo, primarily from their stellar album “I Became Birds,” blends the fiery rage of hardcore with the oddball existentialism of indie recluses Neutral Milk Hotel.

From Washington Post ● Nov. 22, 2021

Social isolation has certainly increased in Japan, where half a million young people live as “hikikomori” — recluses who don’t leave their homes.

From New York Times ● Mar. 23, 2019

“A lot of those people are recluses and pull away from society,” Wegner said.

From Los Angeles Times ● Aug. 13, 2018

Instead of starting junior high school, I lived like the Victorian recluses I read about.

From "The Woman Warrior" by Maxine Hong Kingston

Related Words

• hermit