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shale

American  
[sheyl] / ʃeɪl /

noun

  1. a rock of fissile or laminated structure formed by the consolidation of clay or argillaceous material.


shale British  
/ ʃeɪl /

noun

  1. a dark fine-grained laminated sedimentary rock formed by compression of successive layers of clay-rich sediment

"Collins English Dictionary — Complete & Unabridged" 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012

shale Scientific  
/ shāl /
  1. A fine-grained sedimentary rock consisting of compacted and hardened clay, silt, or mud. Shale forms in many distinct layers and splits easily into thin sheets or slabs. It varies in color from black or gray to brown or red.


shale Cultural  
  1. A sedimentary rock formed from layers of clay.


Other Word Forms

Etymology

Origin of shale

1740–50; origin uncertain; compare obsolete shale to split (said of stone), to shell, derivative of shale shell, husk, Old English scealu shell, husk; see scale 2

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Example Sentences

Examples are provided to illustrate real-world usage of words in context. Any opinions expressed do not reflect the views of Dictionary.com.

Shale is a fine-grained rock that often contains organic material, and it can also host minerals like pyrite.

From Science Daily • Apr. 16, 2026

This type of preservation is more commonly associated with famous Cambrian fossil sites such as the Burgess Shale in Canada.

From Science Daily • Apr. 6, 2026

Shale companies have become proficient at drilling fewer but much longer horizontal wells, which allows them to trim costs and still extract more crude.

From The Wall Street Journal • Mar. 4, 2026

Back in the early days of the shale boom around 2010, American producers explored going abroad, according to Rob Clarke, U.S. shale analyst at Wood Mackenzie, referring to this initial period as “Global Shale 1.0.”

From The Wall Street Journal • Feb. 10, 2026

Shale pooed from the cliffs off toward Charmouth.

From "Black Swan Green" by David Mitchell