antibiotic

American  

[an-ti-bahy-ot-ik, -bee-, an-tee-, -tahy-] / ˌæn tɪ baɪˈɒt ɪk, -bi-, ˌæn ti-, -taɪ- /

noun

• antibiotics
  plural

1. any of a large group of chemical substances, as penicillin or streptomycin, produced by various microorganisms and fungi, having the capacity in dilute solutions to inhibit the growth of or to destroy bacteria and other microorganisms, used chiefly in the treatment of infectious diseases.

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adjective

1. of or involving antibiotics.

antibiotic British  

/ ˌæntɪbaɪˈɒtɪk /

noun

1. any of various chemical substances, such as penicillin, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline, produced by various microorganisms, esp fungi, or made synthetically and capable of destroying or inhibiting the growth of microorganisms, esp bacteria

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adjective

1. of or relating to antibiotics

antibiotic Scientific  

/ ăn′tĭ-bī-ŏt′ĭk /

1. A substance, such as penicillin, that is capable of destroying or weakening certain microorganisms, especially bacteria or fungi, that cause infections or infectious diseases. Antibiotics are usually produced by or synthesized from other microorganisms, such as molds. They inhibit pathogens by interfering with essential intracellular processes, including the synthesis of bacterial proteins. Antibiotics do not kill viruses and are not effective in treating viral infections.

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1. Relating to antibiotics.

2. Relating to antibiosis.

antibiotic Cultural  

1. A substance that destroys or inhibits the growth of microorganisms and is therefore used to treat some infections. One of the most familiar antibiotics is penicillin.

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Discover More

Microorganisms that are initially treatable with antibiotics may evolve resistance as the more susceptible members of the population are killed off. (See resistance to antibiotics.)

Other Word Forms

Derived Forms

• antibiotically
  adverb

Inflected Forms

Nouns

• antibiotics
  plural

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Etymology

Origin of antibiotic

1855–60, for an earlier sense; anti- + biotic

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Explanation

An antibiotic is a substance used to kill bacteria. If you're coughing up green stuff, the doctor might give you an antibiotic to fight the infection. Since the prefix anti- means fighting, opposing, or killing, and bios is the Greek word for "life," antibiotic literally means life-killing. But doctors prescribe them primarily to kill the bacteria responsible for infections in the body. (A virus, on the other hand, cannot be treated with an antibiotic, so doctors are always making a distinction between a virus and a bacterial infection.) You can also use antibiotic as an adjective. Some plants have natural antibiotic effects when eaten.

Example Sentences

See Examples For:

antibiotic antibiotics

Among the pathogens treated are Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, two bacterial species associated with infections that can be particularly challenging to manage, especially when antibiotic resistance is involved.

From Science Daily ● Nov. 5, 2026

This dual activity was particularly surprising because plastic degradation and antibiotic breakdown are usually considered separate biological functions.

From Science Daily ● Oct. 16, 2026

"You end up hunting for a decent length of antibiotic courses that will give you some relief," she said.

From BBC ● Oct. 13, 2026

The antibiotic is among those used to treat plague in countries that see cases each year, helping to contain outbreaks.

From Barron's ● Oct. 8, 2026

The potential new antibiotic is found in the chemical secretions of cockroaches.

From "We Are the Ants" by Shaun David Hutchinson

Scientists are now working to turn these bacteria-killing viruses into treatments for dangerous infections that no longer respond to conventional antibiotics.

From Science Daily ● Nov. 5, 2026

The disease can be cured with antibiotics, but only if treatment is given quickly.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Oct. 30, 2026

However, antibiotics that target a wide range of bacteria can upset the delicate balance of microorganisms in the gut.

From Science Daily ● Oct. 20, 2026

Chronic UTIs are infections where symptoms do not go away, and do not clear with a short course of antibiotics.

From BBC ● Oct. 13, 2026

By giving antibiotics to the millions of cattle in the U.S. we are actually breeding new superbacteria that can’t be killed by antibiotics.

From "The Omnivore's Dilemma" by Michael Pollan

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Related Words

• penicillin

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