Eskimo

American  

[es-kuh-moh] / ˈɛs kəˌmoʊ /

noun

PLURAL

Eskimos

PLURAL

Eskimo

1. Sometimes Offensive.  a member of a group of Indigenous peoples of Greenland, northern Canada, Alaska, and northeastern Siberia.

2. any of the languages of these peoples, divided into two branches: Inuit, spoken in Greenland, Canada, and northern Alaska, and Yupik, spoken in southern Alaska and Siberia.

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adjective

1. Sometimes Offensive.  of or relating to a group of Indigenous peoples of Greenland, northern Canada, Alaska, and northeastern Siberia or their languages.

Eskimo British  

/ ˈɛskɪˌməʊ /

noun

1. a member of a group of peoples inhabiting N Canada, Greenland, Alaska, and E Siberia, having a material culture adapted to an extremely cold climate

2. the language of these peoples

3. a family of languages that includes Eskimo and Aleut

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adjective

1. relating to, denoting, or characteristic of the Eskimos

Sensitive Note

The name Inuit, by which the Native people of the Arctic from northern Alaska to western Greenland call themselves, has largely supplanted Eskimo in Canada and is used officially by the Canadian government. Canadians, as well as many Americans (especially Indigenous Alaskans), consider Eskimo derogatory, in part because the word was, erroneously, long thought to mean literally “eater of raw meat.” Inuit , properly a more specific term referring to speakers of the Inuit language, has come to be used in a wider sense to name all people traditionally called Eskimo, regardless of local self-designations. Anthropologically, the term Native American is sometimes used to include these peoples, as well as the Aleuts. However, the term Indian, still commonly used for a number of Indigenous people of the Americas, is not applied to the Inuit, Yupik, and Aleut of Arctic North America. Eskimo continues to be used in certain contexts, especially in historical and archaeological reference to these peoples as a cultural and linguistic group. However, broad use of Eskimo, as in marketing and branding, has largely been rejected, and products, sports teams, or companies that used the word in the past are finding new names.

Usage

Eskimo is considered by many to be offensive, and in North America the term Inuit is usually preferred. Inuit , however, can be accurately applied only to those Aboriginal peoples inhabiting parts of Northern Canada, Alaska, and Greenland (as distinguished from those in Asia or the Aleutian Islands)

Other Word Forms

• Eskimoan adjective
• Eskimoid adjective

Etymology

Origin of Eskimo

First recorded in 1575–85; from earlier Esqimawe(s), apparently via French (of 16th-century Basque fishermen), from Spanish esquimao(s), from Montagnais ( French spelling) aiachkimeou- a name for the Mi'kmaq, extended or transferred to the Labrador Eskimo among the eastern Montagnais; perhaps literally, “snowshoe-netter” (compare Ojibwe aškime· “to net snowshoes”); husky ²

Compare meaning

How does eskimo compare to similar and commonly confused words? Explore the most common comparisons:

• Eskimo vs. Inuit

Example Sentences

His two-year old American Eskimo barks as his owner turns his back and walks out of the St Mark's Animal Rescue Foundation in the Lagos suburb of Ajah.

From BBC

It was Halas, who was partners with Marshall in the American Basketball League, who recruited Marshall to buy the Duluth Eskimos and join the NFL.

From Washington Times

It’s a traditional Ingalikmiut Eskimo village, whose residents live a subsistence lifestyle, hunting seal, polar bears and blue crab.

From Seattle Times

“We were very fortunate in landing on an American island and being found by American Eskimos,” Assard, the flight navigator who is now deceased, told the Anchorage newspaper in 2015.

From Seattle Times

Some references to ethnicities have been removed or adjusted — “Eskimos” are now described as Inuit — and gender-neutral terms like “children” and “parents” have replaced some references to “boys and girls” and “mothers and fathers.”

From Los Angeles Times