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freshwater

American  
[fresh-waw-ter, -wot-er] / ˈfrɛʃˌwɔ tər, -ˌwɒt ər /
Or fresh-water

adjective

  1. of or living in water that is fresh or not salt.

    freshwater fish.

  2. accustomed to fresh water only, and not to the sea.

    a freshwater sailor.

  3. small, provincial, or little known.

    a freshwater college.

  4. Obsolete. untrained or of little experience.


freshwater British  
/ ˈfrɛʃˌwɔːtə /

noun

  1. of, relating to, or living in fresh water

  2. (esp of a sailor who has not sailed on the sea) unskilled or inexperienced

  3. small and little known

    a freshwater school

"Collins English Dictionary — Complete & Unabridged" 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012

freshwater Scientific  
/ frĕshwô′tər /
  1. Consisting of or living in water that is not salty.


Etymology

Origin of freshwater

First recorded in 1520–30; fresh + water

Explanation

The adjective freshwater describes an aquatic environment with very little salt, like a stream or a pond, or an animal that lives there. Water bodies that started as precipitation are freshwater, whether the water came from rain, snowfall, or melting glaciers. A freshwater lake, unlike a salt lake, sea, or ocean, has a low concentration of salts and other minerals. Freshwater bodies make up less than three percent of the earth's water. Freshwater fish and amphibians are the ones that are adapted to live in ponds, lakes, and streams, in contrast to those that thrive in salty water.

Keep Reading on Vocabulary.com

Vocabulary lists containing freshwater

Example Sentences

Examples are provided to illustrate real-world usage of words in context. Any opinions expressed do not reflect the views of Dictionary.com.

But freshwater browning doesn’t affect all species of fish equally.

From Science Daily • Jun. 21, 2026

Brook trout abundance was not affected by freshwater browning.

From Science Daily • Jun. 21, 2026

Other particularly vulnerable countries include 39 island states that face challenges such as limited freshwater, import dependence, and inability to easily shelter elsewhere after a disaster such as a hurricane.

From Barron's • Jun. 16, 2026

Police added that "although a vehicle may be physically capable of entering shallow freshwater areas, doing so can create legal and safety concerns under Texas law".

From BBC • May 20, 2026

Bedrock becomes boulders, boulders become stones; the ice retreats, a lake forms, and galaxies of freshwater clams flap their million shells at the sun and close and die and the lake seeps away.

From "All the Light We Cannot See" by Anthony Doerr

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