Golgi apparatus

American  

noun

1. Golgi body.

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Golgi apparatus Scientific  

/ gōl′jē /

1. An organelle in eukaryotic cells that stores and modifies proteins for specific functions and prepares them for transport to other parts of the cell. The Golgi apparatus is usually near the cell nucleus and consists of a stack of flattened sacs. Proteins secreted by the endoplasmic reticulum are transported into and across the Golgi apparatus by vesicles and may be combined with sugars to form glycoproteins. The modified products are stored in vesicles (such a lysosomes) for later use or transported by vesicles to the plasma membrane, where they are excreted from the cell. The Golgi apparatus is named for its identifier, Italian cytologist Camillo Golgi (1843–1926). It is also called the Golgi body or, in plant cells, the dictyosome.

2. ◆ Collectively in the cell, these organelles are known as the Golgi complex.

3. See more at cell

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Example Sentences

In this project, Oberholtzer found that this sulfhydration process, in modifying a protein called Prdx4 within the Golgi apparatus, confers protection in an oxidative setting.

From Science Daily • Nov. 22, 2024

Most of the well-known components inside a cell have a defined shape and come wrapped in an exterior membrane: the nucleus, mitochondria, lysosomes, the Golgi apparatus.

From Science Daily • Dec. 21, 2023

Similarly, the Golgi apparatus -- responsible for cellular trafficking and communication -- exhibited metabolic defects that were likely caused by alpha-synuclein disrupting inter-organelle communication.

From Science Daily • Sep. 29, 2023

The endomembrane system includes the nuclear envelope, the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vesicles, as well as the plasma membrane.

From Textbooks • Apr. 25, 2013

The transport vesicles that form from the ER travel to the receiving face, fuse with it, and empty their contents into the lumen of the Golgi apparatus.

From Textbooks • Apr. 25, 2013