has retarded
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present perfectof retard (3rd person singular).present perfect
Used to describe actions that started in the past and continue into or have direct relevance to the present.
retardverb (used with object)to make slow; delay the development or progress of (an action, process, etc.); hinder or impede.
Example Sentences
Examples are provided to illustrate real-world usage of words in context. Any opinions expressed do not reflect the views of Dictionary.com.
Or perhaps some mental fatigue has seized him, erecting an invisible wall that has retarded his progress.
From Golf Digest ● Jun. 15, 2018
This lack of shared prosperity and opportunity has retarded our social progress.
From Salon ● Apr. 9, 2014
Klarman says a bit of both: On balance, litigation has probably advanced the cause of gay marriage more than it has retarded it.
From Salon ● Mar. 30, 2013
More generally, economists differ on exactly how much the fall in housing prices has retarded the U.S. economy.
From Washington Post ● Feb. 1, 2012
Nothing has retarded this happy condition of affairs so much as the unlawful expeditions which have been fitted out in the United States to make war upon the Central American States.
From A Compilation of the Messages and Papers of the Presidents Volume 5, part 4: James Buchanan by James D. (James Daniel) Richardson