lag

¹ American  

[lag] / læg /

verb (used without object)

lagged, lagging

1. to fail to maintain a desired pace or to keep up; fall or stay behind.

   After five minutes of hard running, some of them began to lag.

   Synonyms:

   linger, loiter

   Antonyms:

   hasten

2. to move or develop slowly, as toward a goal or objective, or in relation to an associated factor (often followed bybehind ).

   to lag behind in production.

3. to delay or fail in reaching full development.

   The factory lags regularly in making its quota.

4. to hang back; linger; delay.

   The old friends lagged because they wanted to talk some more.

5. to decrease, wane, or flag gradually, as in intensity.

   Interest lagged as the meeting went on.

6. (in video games) to experience a delay between player input or game signals and the in-game manifestation of that action, often due to high network latency.

   I’m lagging so hard that enemies are killing me before I can even attack them.

7. Marbles. to throw one's shooting marble toward a line lag line on the ground in order to decide on the order of play.

8. Billiards, Pool. string.

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verb (used with object)

lagged, lagging

1. to fail to keep up with.

   The industry still lags the national economy.

2. Obsolete. to cause to lag.

noun

1. a lagging or falling behind; retardation.

   Synonyms:

   slowdown

2. a person who lags behind, is the last to arrive, etc.

3. an interval or lapse of time.

   There was a developmental lag in the diffusion of ideas.

4. Digital Technology.

   1. Also called display lag. the delay between a signal input and its display on a screen, as a high-definition television screen or LCD, due to latency in digital data conversion.

   2. Also called input lag. (in video games) a display lag between player input or game signals and the in-game manifestation of that action, due to differences in display refresh rate or controller input.

      To make a competitive speed run, your best display option for minimal lag is still a CRT.

   3. Also called network lag. (in video games) such a display lag due to high network latency.

      If you have an old computer or slow connection, lag makes multiplayer gameplay difficult.

5. Mechanics. the amount of retardation of some motion.

6. Electricity. the retardation of one alternating quantity, as current, with respect to another related alternating quantity, as voltage, often expressed in degrees.

7. Marbles, Billiards, Pool. the act of lagging.

lag ² American  

[lag] / læg /

verb (used with object)

lagged, lagging

1. to send to penal servitude; imprison

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noun

1. a convict or ex-convict.

2. a period or term of penal servitude; prison sentence.

lag ³ American  

[lag] / læg /

noun

1. one of the staves or strips that form the periphery of a wooden drum, the casing of a steam cylinder, or the like.

2. Masonry. a crosspiece between ribs in a centering.

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verb (used with object)

lagged, lagging

1. to line or cover (an excavation) with lagging.

2. to cover with insulation, as a steam boiler, to prevent radiation of heat.

lag ¹ British  

/ læɡ /

verb

1. (often foll by behind) to hang (back) or fall (behind) in movement, progress, development, etc

2. to fall away in strength or intensity

3. to determine an order of play in certain games, as by rolling marbles towards a line or, in billiards, hitting cue balls up the table against the top cushion in an attempt to bring them back close to the headrail

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noun

1. the act or state of slowing down or falling behind

2. the interval of time between two events, esp between an action and its effect

3. an act of lagging in a game, such as billiards

lag ² British  

/ læɡ /

noun

1. a convict or ex-convict (esp in the phrase old lag )

2. a term of imprisonment

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verb

1. (tr) to arrest or put in prison

lag ³ British  

/ læɡ /

verb

1. (tr) to cover (a pipe, cylinder, etc) with lagging to prevent loss of heat

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noun

1. the insulating casing of a steam cylinder, boiler, etc; lagging

2. a stave or lath

Etymology

Origin of lag¹

First recorded in 1500–50; origin uncertain, probably from Scandinavian: compare Middle Danish lakke, Norwegian lagga “to go slowly”

Origin of lag²

First recorded in 1565–75; origin uncertain

Origin of lag³

First recorded in 1655–60; from Scandinavian; compare Old Norse lǫgg “rim of a barrel,” Swedish lagg “stave”

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Explanation

When you can't keep up with your fellow marathon runners, you can say that you lag behind them. The word lag describes a kind of slowness or delay. As a noun, it means a slowing: "The coach was disappointed by the lag in her swimmers' best times that day." When you lag behind someone, you fall back or don't measure up. A student who struggles with math, for example, might say that his grades lag behind his best friend's. In the 1550s, lag meant "last person."

Example Sentences

See Examples For:

lag lagged lagging

Because crops take months to reach harvest, and growing seasons differ by region and by crop, El Niño’s supply impact typically occurs with a lag of about 16 months, according to Ibrahim.

From MarketWatch ● Oct. 21, 2026

Japan’s cybersecurity defenses lag behind those of many of its advanced economy peers, which some analysts say could make it more vulnerable as AI-led hacks grow in sophistication.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Oct. 21, 2026

“Should prices continue to lag inflation, the anticipated continued double-digit growth in 2027 would have to rely more on Sabre’s new pricing initiatives, rather than the positive market backdrop,” the analysts add.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Oct. 20, 2026

On the surface, this suggests that the technology stocks that have helped lead the S&P 500 higher may lag the broader market in the weeks ahead.

From MarketWatch ● Oct. 18, 2026

We woke the next morning in Nairobi to blue skies and fresh energy, less zonked by the jet lag and feeling like our happy, regular selves.

From "Becoming" by Michelle Obama

Driver earnings have lagged behind in Los Angeles, among the first cities to allow driverless Waymo taxis to compete for customers since 2024.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Oct. 10, 2026

We know that because of the very high percentage — over 90% — of mutual funds that have lagged the S&P 500 for cumulative performance over the past 20 years.

From MarketWatch ● Oct. 9, 2026

Bonifacio told AFP the country's small farmers widely lacked the facilities for post-harvest storage and processing, while access to marketing and financing lagged.

From Barron's ● Oct. 6, 2026

I hasten to add that it is not necessarily a criticism of these ETFs that they have lagged the broad market.

From MarketWatch ● Oct. 2, 2026

They had only lagged behind the others for a couple of minutes, but they took a wrong turning, and presently found themselves pulled up short by the edge of an old chalk quarry.

From "1984" by George Orwell

Avoiding some of the biggest names in the S&P 500 has left money managers lagging behind the benchmark.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Oct. 20, 2026

While the state is on track to meet its goal of conserving 30% of its land by 2030, it’s lagging in its efforts to conserve 30% of its coastal waters.

From Los Angeles Times ● Oct. 19, 2026

He promised to replace Rikers with smaller facilities, but their construction is lagging behind schedule.

From Barron's ● Oct. 12, 2026

If AI made it easier to pick market-beating stocks, we therefore should have seen a much lower percentage this year of mutual funds lagging the market.

From MarketWatch ● Oct. 9, 2026

“My father thinks the Congo is just lagging behind and he can help bring it up to snuff. Which is crazy. It’s like he’s trying to put rubber tires on a horse.”

From "The Poisonwood Bible" by Barbara Kingsolver

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