ozone

American  

[oh-zohn, oh-zohn] / ˈoʊ zoʊn, oʊˈzoʊn /

noun

1. a form of oxygen, O 3 , with a peculiar odor suggesting that of weak chlorine, produced when an electric spark or ultraviolet light is passed through air or oxygen. It is found in the atmosphere in minute quantities, especially after a thunderstorm, is a powerful oxidizing agent, and is thus biologically corrosive. In the upper atmosphere, it absorbs ultraviolet rays, thereby preventing them from reaching the surface of the earth. It is used for bleaching, sterilizing water, etc.

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ozone British  

/ əʊˈzəʊn, əʊˈzɒnɪk, ˈəʊzəʊn /

noun

1. Technical name: trioxygen.  a colourless gas with a chlorine-like odour, formed by an electric discharge in oxygen: a strong oxidizing agent, used in bleaching, sterilizing water, purifying air, etc. Formula: O 3 ; density: 2.14 kg/m³; melting pt: –192°C; boiling pt: –110.51°C

2. informal clean bracing air, as found at the seaside

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ozone Scientific  

/ ō′zōn′ /

1. An unstable, poisonous allotrope of oxygen having the chemical formula O ₃. Ozone forms in the atmosphere through the process of photolysis, when ultraviolet radiation from the Sun strikes oxygen molecules (O ₂), causing them to split apart. When freed oxygen atoms bump into and join other O ₂ molecules, they form ozone. Although ozone is broken down naturally in the atmosphere through chemical reactions with other atmospheric gases (such as nitrogen, hydrogen, and chlorine), in an unpolluted atmosphere the formation and breakdown of ozone is generally balanced, and the total concentration of ozone is relatively constant. The formation and destruction rates of ozone vary with altitude in the atmosphere, and with latitude. Most ozone forms in the 15 to 30 km (10 to 19 mi) altitude range and in latitudes closest to the equator where sunshine strikes the Earth the most. The ozone is then transported northward and southward by wind and is generally most concentrated in areas above the Canadian Arctic and Siberia and above Antarctica. Ozone is used commercially in water purification, in air conditioning, and as a bleach.

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Closer Look

Ozone is both beneficial for and threatening to all of Earth's organisms, including human beings, depending on how high in the atmosphere it is found. Ozone is naturally produced in the stratospheric portion of Earth's atmosphere (in the ozone layer) by the action of high-energy ultraviolet radiation on molecular oxygen (O₂ ). By absorbing much of the Sun's ultraviolet radiation, the ozone layer serves as a sunscreen for organisms on Earth. In recent years the ozone has thinned or disappeared in parts of the ozone layer, creating an ozone hole that lets in dangerous amounts of ultraviolet radiation. Ozone holes are caused in part by the release into the atmosphere of industrial and commercial chemicals, in particular the chlorofluorocarbons (such as freon) used in aerosols, refrigerants, and certain cleaning solvents. Closer to Earth's surface, ozone is one of the so-called greenhouse gases that are produced by the burning of fossil fuels and cause the greenhouse effect. Ozone at ground level is also an air pollutant, contributing to respiratory diseases such as asthma.

Other Word Forms

• ozonic adjective

Etymology

Origin of ozone

< German Ozon < Greek ózōn, present participle of ózein to smell; ozo-

Example Sentences

Bromine rapidly removes ozone from the boundary layer, allowing more sunlight to reach the surface.

From Science Daily

These reactive substances then interact with ozone molecules and destroy them.

From Science Daily

Each rocket launch sends valuable materials into the sky that cannot be recovered, while also releasing large amounts of greenhouse gases and chemicals that damage the ozone layer.

From Science Daily

Pinatubo's eruption disrupted the Indian monsoon system, reduced rainfall across South Asia, and contributed to ozone depletion.

From Science Daily

Inside the planet's polar vortex, temperatures drop dramatically -- much colder than the air outside -- and the continuous darkness of the long Martian winter allows ozone levels in the atmosphere to rise sharply.

From Science Daily

Related Words

• atmosphere
• breeze
• wind