cerebral cortex

American  

[suh-ree-bruhl kawr-teks, ser-uh-] / səˈri brəl ˈkɔr tɛks, ˈsɛr ə- /

noun

1. the furrowed outer layer of gray matter in the cerebrum of the brain, associated with higher brain functions such as voluntary movement, learning, memory, coordination of sensory information, and the expression of individuality.

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cerebral cortex Scientific  

1. The layer of gray matter in vertebrates that covers the cerebral hemispheres and is composed of folds of neurons and axons. The cerebral cortex is responsible for higher functions of the nervous system, including voluntary muscle activity and learning, language, and memory.

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cerebral cortex Cultural  

1. The surface layer of gray tissue of the cerebrum, frequently called the gray matter. The large size of the cerebral cortex in humans distinguishes them from other animals. Specific parts of the cortex control specific functions, including sensation, voluntary muscle movement, thought, reasoning, and memory.

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Etymology

Origin of cerebral cortex

First recorded in 1925–30

Compare meaning

How does cerebral-cortex compare to similar and commonly confused words? Explore the most common comparisons:

• cerebrum vs. cerebral cortex
• neocortex vs. cerebral cortex

Example Sentences

Planning is for weaklings, rational analysis is disdained, the amygdala and the gut replace the cerebral cortex.

From Salon • Mar. 14, 2026

The mice gradually developed marked motor problems, experienced significant neuron loss in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum, and showed strong neuroinflammatory responses.

From Science Daily • Dec. 9, 2025

The folds of the cerebral cortex also stabilize, forming the ridges seen on the outer surface.

From Science Daily • Dec. 1, 2025

"A previous study showed that the cerebral cortex and the basal ganglia were mostly deactivated under anesthesia, which we also observed, however, in awake states these areas are significantly activated."

From Science Daily • May 31, 2024

The interests of the cerebral cortex and limbic system are well represented; the R-complex less so.

From "Cosmos" by Carl Sagan