sterilization

American  

[ster-uh-luh-zey-shuhn] / ˌstɛr ə ləˈzeɪ ʃən /

noun

1. the act of sterilizing.

2. the condition of being sterilized.

3. the destruction of all living microorganisms, as pathogenic or saprophytic bacteria, vegetative forms, and spores.

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sterilization British  

/ ˌstɛrɪlaɪˈzeɪʃən /

noun

1. the act or procedure of sterilizing or making sterile

2. the state of being sterile; sterilized condition

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sterilization Scientific  

/ stĕr′ə-lĭ-zā′shən /

1. The procedure of destroying all microorganisms in or on a given environment, such as a surgical instrument, in order to prevent the spread of infection. This is usually done by using heat, radiation, or chemical agents.

2. Any of various surgical procedures intended to eliminate the capacity to reproduce in humans or animals.

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sterilization Cultural  

1. The removal of all microorganisms and other pathogens from an object or surface by treating it with chemicals or subjecting it to high heat or radiation. Sterilization also refers to procedures that result in infertility. Vasectomies and tubal ligations, in which the fallopian tubes of a woman are tied off, are examples of sterilization techniques.

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Other Word Forms

• nonsterilization noun
• resterilization noun

Etymology

Origin of sterilization

First recorded in 1870–75; sterile + -ization

Example Sentences

"Animals may receive contraception or sterilization to prevent breeding, creating natural comparison groups within the same environment."

From Science Daily • Jan. 16, 2026

China has become a major supplier of ingredients for small-molecule medications, coatings and sterilization agents for medical devices, and the chlorine and caustic soda used to keep water safe to drink.

From The Wall Street Journal • Dec. 30, 2025

Three sterilization facilities in Los Angeles and San Bernardino counties have been granted EPA exemptions to emit cancer-linked ethylene oxide.

From Los Angeles Times • Sep. 15, 2025

Power outages are common, and many hospitals run short of nursing staff or consumables such as water and alcohol for sterilization.

From Science Magazine • Nov. 27, 2024

Total, unequivocal sterilization is extremely difficult to achieve in practice and is almost impossible to verify afterward.

From "The Hot Zone" by Richard Preston

Related Words

• castration
• infertility