upper

¹ American  

[uhp-er] / ˈʌp ər /

adjective

1. higher, as in place, position, pitch, or in a scale: the upper register of a singer's voice.

   the upper stories of a house;

   the upper register of a singer's voice.

2. superior, as in rank, dignity, or station.

3. (of places) at a higher level, more northerly, or farther from the sea: upper New York State.

   the upper slopes of a mountain;

   upper New York State.

4. Stratigraphy. Often Upper denoting a later division of a period, system, or the like.

   the Upper Devonian.

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noun

1. the part of a shoe or boot above the sole, comprising the quarter, vamp, counter, and lining.

2. an upper berth.

3. a gaiter made of cloth.

4. Usually uppers

   1. an upper dental plate.

   2. an upper tooth.

5. Informal. the higher of two bunks or berths.

idioms

1. on one's uppers, reduced to poverty; without sufficient means.

   They are on their uppers but manage to hide the fact from their friends.

upper ² American  

[uhp-er] / ˈʌp ər /

noun

Slang.

1. a stimulant drug, especially an amphetamine.

2. a pleasant or elating experience, person, or situation.

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upper British  

/ ˈʌpə /

adjective

1. higher or highest in relation to physical position, wealth, rank, status, etc

2. (capital when part of a name) lying farther upstream, inland, or farther north

   the upper valley of the Loire

3. (capital when part of a name) geology archaeol denoting the late part or division of a period, system, formation, etc

   Upper Palaeolithic

4. maths (of a limit or bound) greater than or equal to one or more numbers or variables

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noun

1. the higher of two objects, people, etc

2. the part of a shoe above the sole, covering the upper surface of the foot

3. extremely poor; destitute

4. informal any tooth of the upper jaw

5. Also called (esp US): up.  slang any of various drugs having a stimulant or euphoric effect Compare downer

upper Scientific  

/ ŭp′ər /

1. Being a later or more recent division of the geological or archaeological period named.

2. Compare lower

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upper More Idioms  

More idioms and phrases containing upper

• keep a stiff upper lip
• on one's uppers

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Etymology

Origin of upper¹

First recorded in 1300–50; Middle English; see origin at up (adjective), -er ⁴

Origin of upper²

An Americanism dating back to 1965–70; up + -er ¹

Explanation

Use the adjective upper to describe something that's the highest or top in position or rank. Your upper arm is above your lower arm, and the upper bunk on your bunkbed is closest to the ceiling. Upper is useful for talking about anything that's located above something else. You might ski on a mountain's upper slope, taking the ski lift up as high as it goes, or become an astronaut so you can travel through the Earth's upper (or most remote) atmosphere. As a noun, an upper is the part of a shoe that's above the sole. And if you have the upper hand, it means you've got an advantage over someone else.

Example Sentences

Chip maker Nvidia —the world’s largest company—is testing the upper bounds of its recent monthslong range.

From Barron's • Apr. 15, 2026

“A sustained move toward the upper end of that band will trigger meaningful demand destruction,” Paisie said, “and could eventually force a return to the negotiating table” for the U.S. and Iran.

From MarketWatch • Apr. 13, 2026

That means the upper limit of U.S. oil exports is determined by the physical limitations of the nation’s ports, which have run close to their top capacity in recent years.

From The Wall Street Journal • Apr. 13, 2026

An elderly man holding a cane is also shown in the upper left area of the painting.

From Los Angeles Times • Apr. 9, 2026

The stairwell to the upper level was just ahead of them, standing open.

From Anya and the Nightingale by Sofiya Pasternack

Related Words

• uppermost