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• brown
  brown

  noun

  a dark tertiary color with a yellowish or reddish hue.
• Brown
  Brown

  noun

  Charles Brockden 1771–1810, U.S. writer and intellectual, known as “the Father of the American novel.”

brown

¹ American  

[braun] / braʊn /

noun

• browns
  plural

1. a dark tertiary color with a yellowish or reddish hue.

2. Offensive. a person whose skin has a light- or dark-brown pigmentation.

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adjective

• browner,
  comparative
• brownest
  superlative

1. of the color brown.

2. (of animals) having skin, fur, hair, or feathers of that color.

3. sunburned or tanned.

4. Often Offensive. (of human beings) having the skin naturally pigmented a brown color.

verb (used with or without object)

• browns,
  present (3rd person singular)
• browned,
  past participle,  past
• browning
  present participle

1. to make or become brown.

2. to fry, sauté, or scorch slightly in cooking.

   to brown onions before adding them to the stew. The potatoes browned in the pan.

verb phrase

1. brown out to subject to a brownout.

   The power failure browned out the southern half of the state.

idioms

1. browned off, angry; fed up.

2. do it up brown, to do thoroughly.

   When they entertain, they really do it up brown.

Brown ² American  

[braun] / braʊn /

noun

1. Charles Brockden 1771–1810, U.S. writer and intellectual, known as “the Father of the American novel.”

2. Clifford Brownie, 1930–56, U.S. jazz trumpeter and composer.

3. Herbert Charles, 1912–2004, U.S. chemist, born in England: Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1979.

4. Jerry Edmund Gerald Brown, Jr., born 1938, U.S. politician: governor of California 1975–83 and 2011–19.

5. Jim James Nathaniel Brown, 1936–2023, U.S. football player and actor: Pro Football Hall of Fame 1971.

6. John Osawatomie Brown, 1800–59, U.S. abolitionist: leader of the attack at Harpers Ferry, where he was captured, tried for treason, and hanged.

7. Margaret Wise, 1910–52, U.S. author noted for early-childhood books, including Goodnight Moon.

8. Olympia, 1835–1926, U.S. women's-rights activist and Universalist minister: first American woman ordained by a major church.

9. Robert, 1773–1858, Scottish botanist noted for his pioneering work in paleobotany and palynology.

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Brown ¹ British  

/ braʊn /

noun

1. Sir Arthur Whitten (ˈwɪt ^ə n). 1886–1948, British aviator who with J.W. Alcock made the first flight across the Atlantic (1919)

2. Ford Madox . 1821–93, British painter, associated with the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood. His paintings include The Last of England (1865) and Work (1865)

3. George ( Alfred ), Lord George-Brown. 1914–85, British Labour politician; vice-chairman and deputy leader of the Labour party (1960–70); foreign secretary 1966–68

4. George Mackay . 1921–96, Scottish poet, novelist, and short-story writer. His works, which include the novels Greenvoe (1972) and Magnus (1973), reflect the history and culture of Orkney

5. ( James ) Gordon . born 1951, British Labour politician; Chancellor of the Exchequer (1997–2007); prime minister (2007–10)

6. Herbert Charles . 1912–2004, US chemist, who worked on the compounds of boron. Nobel prize for chemistry 1979

7. James . 1933–2006, US soul singer and songwriter, noted for his dynamic stage performances and for his commitment to Black rights

8. John . 1800–59, US abolitionist leader, hanged after leading an unsuccessful rebellion of slaves at Harper's Ferry, Virginia

9. Lancelot , called Capability Brown . 1716–83, British landscape gardener

10. Michael ( Stuart ). born 1941, US physician: shared the Nobel prize for physiology or medicine (1985) for work on cholesterol

11. Robert . 1773–1858, Scottish botanist who was the first to observe the Brownian movement in fluids

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brown ² British  

/ braʊn /

noun

1. any of various colours, such as those of wood or earth, produced by low intensity light in the wavelength range 620–585 nanometres

2. a dye or pigment producing these colours

3. brown cloth or clothing

   dressed in brown

4. any of numerous mostly reddish-brown butterflies of the genera Maniola, Lasiommata , etc, such as M. jurtina ( meadow brown ): family Satyridae

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adjective

1. of the colour brown

2. (of bread) made from a flour that has not been bleached or bolted, such as wheatmeal or wholemeal flour

3. deeply tanned or sunburnt

verb

1. to make (esp food as a result of cooking) brown or (esp of food) to become brown

brown More Idioms  

More idioms and phrases containing brown

• do up (brown)

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Sensitive Note

Brown as a noun and adjective to describe people with a brownish skin color is often perceived as insulting. Historically it has been used by anthropologists and scientists as a racial and ethnic classification to describe various dark-skinned populations, as in North Africa, the Middle East, Malaysia, and South Asia. It is also a term associated with colonialism. In recent times, brown has been used of Hispanics and South Asians in North America, many of whom self-identify as brown.

Other Word Forms

Derived Forms

• brownness
  noun
• overbrown
  verb
• brownish
  adjective
• browny
  adjective
• unbrowned
  adjective
• well-browned
  adjective

Inflected Forms

Nouns

• browns
  plural

Adjectives

• browner
  comparative
• brownest
  superlative

Participles

• browning
  present
• browned
  past

Conjugated Forms

Present

• brown
  simple
• browns
  simple
• have browned
  perfect
• has browned
  perfect
• am browning
  progressive
• are browning
  progressive
• is browning
  progressive
• have been browning
  perfect progressive
• has been browning
  perfect progressive

Past

• browned
  simple
• had browned
  perfect
• was browning
  progressive
• were browning
  progressive
• had been browning
  perfect progressive

Future

• will brown
  simple
• will have browned
  perfect
• will be browning
  progressive
• will have been browning
  perfect progressive

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Etymology

Origin of brown

First recorded before 1000; Middle English; Old English brūn; cognate with Dutch bruin, German braun, Old Norse brūnn; akin to Lithuanian brúnas; cf. bear ² ( def. ), bruin ( def. )

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Explanation

Brown is the color an artist gets by mixing yellow, red, and blue. Chocolate, dark wood, roasted coffee beans, and old-fashioned photographs are all various shades of brown. You might think of brown as a muddy color, and that's true in a couple of ways: mud is generally brown, and brown paint is a muddy combination of colors. In the category of brown, though, there's endless variety, from toasted bread to rich brown eyes to a horse's light brown mane. As a verb, brown means "to become browner in color" or "to make browner," as when you brown the top of a pie in the oven.

Example Sentences

See Examples For:

brown Brown browns browner brownest browned browning

The thick, brown spread was invented in the Victorian capital of Melbourne more than a century ago as an alternative to the British spread Marmite.

From BBC ● Oct. 26, 2026

With a mass comparable to or greater than Jupiter's, it resembles a planet in size and composition, yet its orbital relationship with the brown dwarf makes it a candidate for an entirely different classification.

From Science Daily ● Oct. 25, 2026

Among them was David Lopez, 54, astride his brown horse, Black Jack.

From Los Angeles Times ● Oct. 23, 2026

Seated in a brown leather armchair while holding a coffee mug, Michigan’s Democratic Senate nominee lays claim to his Muslim faith in straightforward, affecting terms.

From Salon ● Oct. 23, 2026

I stare into her almond-shaped eyes, light brown on the outer rim; a glowing, dark center.

From "Will’s Race for Home" by Jewell Parker Rhodes

Mayer Brown also took on pro bono work for victims’ families.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Oct. 28, 2026

Brown to the New England Patriots until June because of the cap implications.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Oct. 27, 2026

Before the reversal, Brown was set to stand trial this month.

From Los Angeles Times ● Oct. 26, 2026

Brown, who has sold tens of millions of records worldwide, had previously denied those charges.

From Barron's ● Oct. 26, 2026

In another Brown decision in 1955, the court ruled that the dismantling of separate school systems must happen with “all deliberate speed.”

From "Reaching for the Moon" by Katherine Johnson

They fell in love with the hash browns at Waffle House.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Jul. 18, 2026

Paramount Caviar’s kosher salmon roe adds a delicious salty, briny pop to deviled eggs, hash browns with whipped cream cheese and dill, or toast points with crème fraîche.

From Salon ● Jul. 12, 2026

As it turns out, even the most committed skeptic can be won over by a plate of greasy, crisp hash browns, a perfectly smoked brisket or a side of ranch.

From Salon ● Jun. 17, 2026

Breakfast options include the sausage McMuffin, sausage biscuit, sausage burrito, hash browns, and a medium coffee—all at under $3 each.

From Barron's ● Apr. 21, 2026

And of course, Garrett, who ordered scattered, smothered, and covered waffles with sausage and hash browns, leaves literally a dollar.

From "Leah on the Offbeat" by Becky Albertalli

We found that in browner waters, fish often grow more slowly.

From Science Daily ● Jun. 21, 2026

Mamdani's retort is that he's more like a Scandinavian politician, only browner.

From BBC ● Nov. 1, 2025

Yukon is the smallest and browner, while Marty and Monty are gray.

From Seattle Times ● Jan. 27, 2023

Today, how Southern Californians will have to get used to browner lawns — and why even that might not make a dent in a historic drought.

From Los Angeles Times ● Jun. 1, 2022

At the front door of Gutshot Textiles, they were met by a large man with a beard like Santa Claus's but browner.

From "An Abundance of Katherines" by John Green

“I’m not going to be supportive of defunding cultural events in the brownest city in Orange County and making the public choose between celebrating our culture or giving mutual aid,” said Councilmember Johnathan Hernandez.

From Los Angeles Times ● Jul. 3, 2025

"I'd look at certain celebrities who've got like white decor in the house, I'm like, 'who would choose white? I've gone for the brownest brown so that it hides the dirt," she said.

From BBC ● Feb. 4, 2024

Young, rich Stephen Carlton Clark had married Susan Hun, descendant of brownest, trimmest Albany ancestors.

From Time Magazine Archive

I hug Spot, then look into his brownest eyes.

From "Ninth Ward" by Jewell Parker Rhodes

He ate the biggest, brownest and best parts of the chicken at every Sunday meal.

From "I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings" by Maya Angelou

The caramels’ deep notes of browned butter and toasted vanilla is almost savory on the finish.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Oct. 13, 2026

Already this year, thousands of white spruce trees in the area around Wisley had browned leaves in early August, a sign they won’t cope with a hotter climate.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Aug. 31, 2026

Add the onions directly into the browned bits left behind in the pot and cook until softened and golden, about 6–8 minutes.

From Salon ● May 19, 2026

The skirt steak gets seared first until deeply browned, leaving behind savory crisped bits on the bottom of the skillet that become the foundation of the entire dish.

From Salon ● May 19, 2026

“Leave the browned cabbage in the basket. It makes no sense to save a head with only a few good leaves.”

From "Salt to the Sea" by Ruta Sepetys

But if the goal is depth, browning and concentration, this is the pattern I come back to over and over.

From Salon ● Sep. 28, 2026

Even zoomed-out satellite imagery of western France shows a striking increase in the browning of land compared to last year.

From BBC ● Aug. 15, 2026

Brook trout abundance was not affected by freshwater browning.

From Science Daily ● Jun. 21, 2026

Small meatballs cook faster, yes, but more importantly, they offer more browning surface area.

From Salon ● Mar. 23, 2026

The browning grass had recently been clipped short, and the brick path leading to the graveyard was swept clean.

From "Ash" by Malinda Lo

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