contraction

American  

[kuhn-trak-shuhn] / kənˈtræk ʃən /

noun

contractions plural

1. an act or instance of contracting or the quality or state of being contracted.

   The contraction of the ship’s metal fastenings and consequent snapping of the wood caused cracking sounds during the cold night.

2. a shortened form of a word or group of words, with the omitted letters often replaced in written English by an apostrophe, as e'er for ever, isn't for is not, I'd for I would.

3. Physiology.

   1. the thickening and shortening of a muscle.

      Myosin is a protein in muscles, working together with actin to produce muscle contraction.

   2. one in an often rhythmic series of such muscular changes, especially in the wall of the uterus during labor.

      When I got to the hospital, my labor was in full force with only 10 seconds between contractions.

4. a restriction or withdrawal, as of currency or of funds available as call money.

5. a decrease in economic and industrial activity (opposed to expansion).

   The contraction that became the Great Depression began in the United States and spread around the globe.

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contraction British  

/ kənˈtrækʃən /

noun

1. an instance of contracting or the state of being contracted

2. physiol any normal shortening or tensing of an organ or part, esp of a muscle, e.g. during childbirth

3. pathol any abnormal tightening or shrinking of an organ or part

4. a shortening of a word or group of words, often marked in written English by an apostrophe

   I've come for I have come

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contraction Scientific  

/ kən-trăk′shən /

1. The shortening and thickening of a muscle for the purpose of exerting force on or causing movement of a body part.

2. See more at muscle

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contraction Cultural  

1. A word produced by running two or more words together and leaving out some of the letters or sounds. For example, isn't is a contraction of is not.

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Usage

Contractions such as isn't, couldn't, can't, weren't, he'll, they're occur chiefly, although not exclusively, in informal speech and writing. They are common in personal letters, business letters, journalism, and fiction; they are rare in scientific and scholarly writing. Contractions occur in formal writing mainly as representations of speech.

Discover More

An apostrophe is generally used in contractions to show where letters or sounds have been left out.

Other Word Forms

Derived Forms

• contractiveness
  noun
• noncontraction
  noun
• overcontraction
  noun
• recontraction
  noun
• contractional
  adjective
• contractive
  adjective
• contractively
  adverb

Inflected Forms

Nouns

• contractions
  plural

Etymology

Origin of contraction

First recorded in 1400–50; late Middle English, from Old French, from Latin contractiōn-, stem of contractiō, equivalent to contract(us) “drawn together, restricted,” past participle of contrahere + -iōn- noun suffix; see contract, -ion

Explanation

A contraction is the act of decreasing the size of something or shortening it, or it can be the process of becoming smaller or compressed. The two most well-known uses of contraction involve muscles and words. A contraction of the muscle tenses it or shortens it, like when you're standing in the mirror flexing and admiring yourself. On the other hand, a contraction can also be two words that are combined, with a few letters often replaced by an apostrophe, like when we change do and not into don't.

Example Sentences

See Examples For:

contraction contractions

Hence, the bank’s non-net interest income should increase 20% and offset net-interest-income contraction this year.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Jul. 22, 2026

Statistics Canada has previously estimated industry level GDP edged up 0.1% in May, which would be a second straight month of growth following a modest contraction in the first quarter.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Jul. 15, 2026

But as fertility rates fall, migration counterbalances the negative effects of an ageing population and labour force contraction, the report said.

From Barron's ● Jul. 14, 2026

That conflict provoked a sharp contraction in the manufacturing economy, with the Institute for Supply Management’s purchasing managers index falling to 49.1 by mid-2019.

From Los Angeles Times ● Jul. 13, 2026

There was something I needed to explain to Anatole, but I couldn’t be bothered with it at the peak of a contraction.

From "The Poisonwood Bible" by Barbara Kingsolver

When the cerebellum is disrupted, people can experience symptoms including painful muscle contractions, abnormal postures, and uncontrollable shaking.

From Science Daily ● Jul. 1, 2026

She warned that oil-exporting countries in the Gulf had been badly hit by the war, and face "steep downward revisions to growth this year, with five out of eight countries seeing outright contractions."

From Barron's ● Jun. 15, 2026

While still an effective painkiller, ibuprofen can be a better choice for period pain because it blocks the production of prostaglandins - the chemical responsible for causing the cramping contractions of muscles in the womb.

From BBC ● Jun. 14, 2026

Mr. Goodspeed’s historical record is, in effect, a training data set, with droughts, strikes, shipping disruptions, credit contractions and policy errors, each tagged by type, geography and sequence.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Jun. 5, 2026

Ashima registers, answering questions about the frequency and duration of the contractions, as Ashoke fills out the forms.

From "The Namesake" by Jhumpa Lahiri

Related Words

• decrease
• deflation
• recession
• reduction
• shrinkage