decimate
Americanverb (used with object)
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to kill or destroy a great number or proportion of.
The population was decimated by a plague.
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to greatly reduce in number or amount.
From 1975-1981, our country was not driving the space exploration agenda, and our aerospace workforce was decimated.
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to cause to suffer great loss or harm.
The constant eruptions that spewed forth decimated the forest and turned it to ash.
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to select by lot and kill every tenth person of.
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Obsolete. to take a tenth of or from.
verb
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to destroy or kill a large proportion of
a plague decimated the population
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(esp in the ancient Roman army) to kill every tenth man of (a mutinous section)
Usage
One talks about the whole of something being decimated, not a part: disease decimated the population, not disease decimated most of the population
Other Word Forms
Derived Forms
Conjugated Forms
Present
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have decimatedperfect
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has decimatedperfect 3rd person singular
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is decimatingprogressive 3rd person singular
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am decimatingprogressive 1st person singular
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have been decimatingperfect progressive
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are decimatingprogressive
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has been decimatingperfect progressive 3rd person singular
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decimatingparticiple
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decimatessingular 3rd person
Past
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had decimatedperfect
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were decimatingprogressive plural
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decimatedsimple
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had been decimatingperfect progressive
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decimatedparticiple
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was decimatingprogressive singular
Future
Etymology
Origin of decimate
First recorded in 1590–1600; from Latin decimātus, past participle of decimāre “to punish every tenth man chosen by lot,” verbal derivative of decimus “tenth,” derivative of decem “ten”; see ten, -ate 1
Explanation
If something is drastically reduced or killed, especially in number, you can say it was decimated. "The oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico decimated the wildlife along the coast." The verb decimate originally referred to a form of capital punishment for Roman troops. If there was a rebellion, one out of every ten men (thus the dec in decimate) was put to death. So the word's first expanded usage was to mean a ten percent reduction or a ten percent tax. Modern usage gives the word decimate its "drastically reduced" meaning, but the verb can also be used to mean "to wipe out" or "to eliminate."
Vocabulary lists containing decimate
Super Bowl Blowout: Epic Vocab for the Big Game
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Perfect Ten: Dec, Cent, Mille
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This Week in Words: September 25 - October 1, 2017
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Example Sentences
Examples are provided to illustrate real-world usage of words in context. Any opinions expressed do not reflect the views of Dictionary.com.
Re “Sanctions Decimate the Nittany Lions Now and for Years to Come,” July 24: Vacating the victories of the football team since 1998 is not an appropriate punishment for the misbehavior of the university.
From New York Times • Jul. 28, 2012
Decimate has come to mean total destruction rather than a reduction by one-tenth.
From Time Magazine Archive
Definitions and idiom definitions from Dictionary.com Unabridged, based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2023
Idioms from The American Heritage® Idioms Dictionary copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.
