ibid.
Americanabbreviation
abbreviation
Etymology
Origin of ibid.
Latin: in the same place
Explanation
When you see ibid. in a list of references or citations, it's a shortcut that lets you know the given information was found in a previously mentioned source. The word ibid. is actually short for the Latin word ibidem, meaning "in the same place." It is used in citations to refer back to the same source previously cited. This is handy in scholarly work when the same book or article is cited multiple times in a row. For example, if you're writing a paper and use several different facts from the same book, using ibid. can save you from repeating the full citation each time.
Example Sentences
Examples are provided to illustrate real-world usage of words in context. Any opinions expressed do not reflect the views of Dictionary.com.
On the relative colours of diurnal and nocturnal Lepidoptera, see ibid. p.
From The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex, Vol. I by Charles Darwin
In April 1478 the three years were prolonged by another like term to the 29th August 1481; the letters patent relative to which are printed ibid. p.
From The Boke of Noblesse by Unknown
The soil in the flower pot absorbed from the air moisture enough to revive the foliage, and keep it a long time green, but not enough to promote development of new leaves.—Id., ibid., p.
From Man and Nature or, Physical Geography as Modified by Human Action by George P. Marsh
On the Night-Jar, Audubon, ibid. vol. ii. p.
From The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex Volume II (1st Edition) by Charles Darwin
See ibid. for a most carefully compiled table of the production of the precious metals from 1493 to 1893, differing from the above in material details.
From The History of Currency, 1252 to 1896 by William Arthur Shaw
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