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index minerals

  • plural
    of index mineral.
    index mineral
    noun
    a mineral which is only formed under certain temperature and pressure conditions, which when found in metamorphic rock gives information about the conditions under which that rock formed.

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Chlorite, muscovite, biotite, garnet, and staurolite are index minerals representing a respective sequence of low-to-high grade rock.

From Textbooks Jan. 1, 2017

As with all metamorphic rock, the parent rock texture and chemistry are major factors in determining the final outcome of the metamorphic process, including what index minerals are present.

From Textbooks Jan. 1, 2017

Shock metamorphism can also produce index minerals, though they are typically only found via microscopic analysis.

From Textbooks Jan. 1, 2017

Geologists use index minerals that form at certain temperatures and pressures to identify metamorphic grade.

From Textbooks Jan. 1, 2017

These index minerals also provide important clues to a rock’s sedimentary protolith and the metamorphic conditions that created it.

From Textbooks Jan. 1, 2017

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