irritant
Americanadjective
noun
-
anything that irritates.
-
Physiology, Pathology. a biological, chemical, or physical agent that stimulates a characteristic function or elicits a response, especially an inflammatory response.
adjective
noun
Other Word Forms
Etymology
Origin of irritant
1630–40; < Latin irrītant- (stem of irrītāns ), present participle of irrītāre to irritate; see -ant
Compare meaning
How does irritant compare to similar and commonly confused words? Explore the most common comparisons:
Explanation
An irritant is a substance that causes pain, itching, or discomfort. Chlorine, which is commonly used in swimming pools and hot tubs, is an irritant that dries out skin and reddens eyes. A physical irritant does just what it sounds like: it irritates your body in some way. For some people, any scent in hand soap or laundry detergent acts as an irritant, causing itchy rashes. A figurative irritant is someone or something that bugs you. The noise your brother makes when he slurps his cereal every morning might, for example, be an irritant. The word is related to irritate, sharing the Latin root irritare, "provoke."
Vocabulary lists containing irritant
John F. Kennedy's Address to the American People on the Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)
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"Introduction to Homeland Security," Vocabulary from Chapter 3
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Additional Articles on DDT and Malaria
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Example Sentences
Examples are provided to illustrate real-world usage of words in context. Any opinions expressed do not reflect the views of Dictionary.com.
While this purgatory may not rattle the market like last year’s tariff battles, it will be an irritant for sectors reliant on the relationship such as autos, metals and agriculture.
From Barron's ● Jun. 29, 2026
Sen. Kim, who had visited the facility after hearing about the hunger strike, was among those caught in the chemical irritant.
From Slate ● May 29, 2026
The substance is believed to have been an irritant spray, identified by authorities as likely containing capsaicin - which is found in chilli peppers.
From BBC ● May 25, 2026
Those measures remain a major irritant as the three nations renegotiate the North American economic pact this year.
From The Wall Street Journal ● May 6, 2026
Doing otherwise would have been like failing to resign after losing a major piece in a chess tournament—a social irritant, a waste of time and resources.
From "1491" by Charles C. Mann
Definitions and idiom definitions from Dictionary.com Unabridged, based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2023
Idioms from The American Heritage® Idioms Dictionary copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.
