justice of the peace

American  

noun

1. a local public officer, usually having jurisdiction to try and determine minor civil and criminal cases and to hold preliminary examinations of persons accused of more serious crimes, and having authority to administer oaths, solemnize marriages, etc.

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justice of the peace British  

noun

1. (in Britain) a lay magistrate, appointed by the crown or acting ex officio, whose function is to preserve the peace in his area, try summarily such cases as are within his jurisdiction, and perform miscellaneous administrative duties

2. (in Australia and New Zealand) a person authorised to administer oaths, attest instruments, and take declarations

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justice of the peace Cultural  

1. A local officer of the judicial branch empowered to try minor cases, recommend cases for trial, and perform civil ceremonies, such as marriages and oath taking. Justices of the peace are usually elected locally and are paid fees for their services.

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Etymology

Origin of justice of the peace

Middle English word dating back to 1325–75

Example Sentences

Summary cases are heard by a sheriff or justice of the peace without a jury and can result in prison sentences of up to 12 months and fines of up to £10,000.

From BBC

By prescription, the judges consist of Pessac’s mayor, the parish priest, a justice of the peace and several others, including, “preferably,” a gaggle of winegrowers’ wives.

From New York Times

The justice of the peace who released the complaint did not know if McDougal had hired an attorney yet but said he had indicated he did not want a court-appointed lawyer.

From Seattle Times

Two of the justices of the peace were so concerned by the comments that they contacted the police.

From BBC

A justice of the peace signed three of the seven motions on Tuesday, court officials said.

From Seattle Times