lag

¹ American  

[lag] / læg /

verb (used without object)

lagged, lagging

1. to fail to maintain a desired pace or to keep up; fall or stay behind.

   After five minutes of hard running, some of them began to lag.

   Synonyms:

   linger, loiter

   Antonyms:

   hasten

2. to move or develop slowly, as toward a goal or objective, or in relation to an associated factor (often followed bybehind ).

   to lag behind in production.

3. to delay or fail in reaching full development.

   The factory lags regularly in making its quota.

4. to hang back; linger; delay.

   The old friends lagged because they wanted to talk some more.

5. to decrease, wane, or flag gradually, as in intensity.

   Interest lagged as the meeting went on.

6. (in video games) to experience a delay between player input or game signals and the in-game manifestation of that action, often due to high network latency.

   I’m lagging so hard that enemies are killing me before I can even attack them.

7. Marbles. to throw one's shooting marble toward a line lag line on the ground in order to decide on the order of play.

8. Billiards, Pool. string.

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verb (used with object)

lagged, lagging

1. to fail to keep up with.

   The industry still lags the national economy.

2. Obsolete. to cause to lag.

noun

1. a lagging or falling behind; retardation.

   Synonyms:

   slowdown

2. a person who lags behind, is the last to arrive, etc.

3. an interval or lapse of time.

   There was a developmental lag in the diffusion of ideas.

4. Digital Technology.

   1. Also called display lag.  the delay between a signal input and its display on a screen, as a high-definition television screen or LCD, due to latency in digital data conversion.

   2. Also called input lag.  (in video games) a display lag between player input or game signals and the in-game manifestation of that action, due to differences in display refresh rate or controller input.

      To make a competitive speed run, your best display option for minimal lag is still a CRT.

   3. Also called network lag.  (in video games) such a display lag due to high network latency.

      If you have an old computer or slow connection, lag makes multiplayer gameplay difficult.

5. Mechanics. the amount of retardation of some motion.

6. Electricity. the retardation of one alternating quantity, as current, with respect to another related alternating quantity, as voltage, often expressed in degrees.

7. Marbles, Billiards, Pool. the act of lagging.

lag ² American  

[lag] / læg /

verb (used with object)

lagged, lagging

1. to send to penal servitude; imprison

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noun

1. a convict or ex-convict.

2. a period or term of penal servitude; prison sentence.

lag ³ American  

[lag] / læg /

noun

1. one of the staves or strips that form the periphery of a wooden drum, the casing of a steam cylinder, or the like.

2. Masonry. a crosspiece between ribs in a centering.

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verb (used with object)

lagged, lagging

1. to line or cover (an excavation) with lagging.

2. to cover with insulation, as a steam boiler, to prevent radiation of heat.

lag ¹ British  

/ læɡ /

verb

1. (often foll by behind) to hang (back) or fall (behind) in movement, progress, development, etc

2. to fall away in strength or intensity

3. to determine an order of play in certain games, as by rolling marbles towards a line or, in billiards, hitting cue balls up the table against the top cushion in an attempt to bring them back close to the headrail

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noun

1. the act or state of slowing down or falling behind

2. the interval of time between two events, esp between an action and its effect

3. an act of lagging in a game, such as billiards

lag ² British  

/ læɡ /

noun

1. a convict or ex-convict (esp in the phrase old lag )

2. a term of imprisonment

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verb

1. (tr) to arrest or put in prison

lag ³ British  

/ læɡ /

verb

1. (tr) to cover (a pipe, cylinder, etc) with lagging to prevent loss of heat

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noun

1. the insulating casing of a steam cylinder, boiler, etc; lagging

2. a stave or lath

Etymology

Origin of lag¹

First recorded in 1500–50; origin uncertain, probably from Scandinavian: compare Middle Danish lakke, Norwegian lagga “to go slowly”

Origin of lag²

First recorded in 1565–75; origin uncertain

Origin of lag³

First recorded in 1655–60; from Scandinavian; compare Old Norse lǫgg “rim of a barrel,” Swedish lagg “stave”

Explanation

When you can't keep up with your fellow marathon runners, you can say that you lag behind them. The word lag describes a kind of slowness or delay. As a noun, it means a slowing: "The coach was disappointed by the lag in her swimmers' best times that day." When you lag behind someone, you fall back or don't measure up. A student who struggles with math, for example, might say that his grades lag behind his best friend's. In the 1550s, lag meant "last person."

Example Sentences

See Examples For:

lag lagged lagging

Aggressive global AI infrastructure investment is driving a severe memory-chip shortage, as supply continues to lag far behind demand.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Aug. 1, 2026

Even relatively small differences between weekday and weekend schedules may create what researchers often call social jet lag.

From Science Daily ● Jul. 31, 2026

According to the OECD, Britain's low adoption of robotics is "surprising" given its manufacturing heritage, noting that while UK firms have embraced mature digital technologies, they lag behind in robotics and automation.

From BBC ● Jul. 29, 2026

While CXMT’s technologies still lag global memory leaders, the analyst expects robust domestic adoption of its chips.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Jul. 27, 2026

But the new scale, the more modern analytical device, had been there already; no lag had existed.

From "Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?" by Philip K. Dick

On the other hand, large value funds tied to other benchmarks, which had lower exposure to the hottest memory stocks, lagged behind iShares Russell 1000 Value.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Aug. 7, 2026

Its year-over-year sales growth has lagged behind capital-expeditures growth by a much wider margin than usual, noted a team of BofA strategists led by Savita Subramanian, head of U.S. equity strategy.

From MarketWatch ● Aug. 4, 2026

But MarketAxess has lagged behind since the early days of the pandemic.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Jul. 31, 2026

"The lagged effect from high energy prices will probably lift inflation above 3.0 percent in September and to about 3.5 percent early next year," he said.

From Barron's ● Jul. 22, 2026

JimmyTrotter and I always lagged behind to talk about teenage things while keeping an eye on Vonetta and Fern.

From "Gone Crazy in Alabama" by Rita Williams-Garcia

Tesla’s robotaxis have been lagging behind after they launched in Austin in 2025 and were met with several reports of glitches and safety concerns.

From Los Angeles Times ● Aug. 10, 2026

Average hourly earnings increased by 3.2 percent year-on-year, lagging inflation and therefore leaving workers with less income in real terms.

From Barron's ● Aug. 7, 2026

But Jamner of ClearBridge said the fact that revenue growth is lagging behind capex is not a surprise.

From MarketWatch ● Aug. 4, 2026

During the second quarter, China recorded its weakest economic expansion in more than three years, as an artificial-intelligence-driven export surge proved insufficient to offset a lagging domestic economy and depressed consumer demand.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Jul. 31, 2026

But when Paishon reprimanded him for lagging behind, Julio became enraged.

From "Death on the River of Doubt" by Samantha Seiple

Related Words

• decrease
• diminish
• fail
• fall off
• falter
• slacken
• slow
• trail
• wane