nihilism

American  

[nahy-uh-liz-uhm, nee-] / ˈnaɪ əˌlɪz əm, ˈni- /

noun

1. total rejection of established laws and institutions.

2. anarchy, terrorism, or other revolutionary activity.

3. total and absolute destructiveness, especially toward the world at large and including oneself.

   the power-mad nihilism that marked Hitler's last years.

4. Philosophy.

   1. an extreme form of skepticism: the denial of all real existence or the possibility of an objective basis for truth.

   2. nothingness or nonexistence.

5. (sometimes initial capital letter) the principles of a Russian revolutionary group, active in the latter half of the 19th century, holding that existing social and political institutions must be destroyed in order to clear the way for a new state of society and employing extreme measures, including terrorism and assassination.

6. annihilation of the self, or the individual consciousness, especially as an aspect of mystical experience.

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nihilism ¹ British  

/ ˈnaɪɪˌlɪzəm /

noun

1. a complete denial of all established authority and institutions

2. philosophy an extreme form of scepticism that systematically rejects all values, belief in existence, the possibility of communication, etc

3. a revolutionary doctrine of destruction for its own sake

4. the practice or promulgation of terrorism

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Nihilism ² British  

/ ˈnaɪɪˌlɪzəm /

noun

1. (in tsarist Russia) any of several revolutionary doctrines that upheld terrorism

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nihilism Cultural  

1. An approach to philosophy that holds that human life is meaningless and that all religions, laws, moral codes, and political systems are thoroughly empty and false. The term is from the Latin nihil, meaning “nothing.”

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Other Word Forms

• antinihilism noun
• antinihilist noun
• nihilist noun
• nihilistic adjective
• nonnihilism noun
• nonnihilist noun

Etymology

Origin of nihilism

First recorded in 1810–20; from Latin nihil “nothing” (variant of nihilum; nil ) + -ism

Example Sentences

His work channeled literary imagery, but also drew influence from Nietzschean nihilism and Jungian depth psychology.

From Salon • Jan. 24, 2026

So can we declare Gen Z financial nihilism a myth, at least among young men?

From MarketWatch • Jan. 15, 2026

Without “cultural invention as a potential countervailing force,” the counter-counterculture filled the vacuum with the vulgar nihilism of digital norm evasion.

From The Wall Street Journal • Dec. 5, 2025

"A couple of billion years from now, the sun will expand, engulf the earth and maybe we'll be long gone – but there's a beautiful, optimistic nihilism in that," they explain.

From BBC • May 30, 2025

Instead of pushing him away, my nihilism is only making him more comfortable.

From "The Sun Is Also a Star" by Nicola Yoon

Related Words

• anarchy
• atheism
• lawlessness