passive-aggressive

American  

[pas-iv-uh-gres-iv] / ˈpæs ɪv əˈgrɛs ɪv /

adjective

1. denoting or pertaining to a personality type or behavior marked by the expression of negative emotions in passive, indirect ways, as through manipulation or noncooperation.

   a passive-aggressive employee who often misses deadlines.

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passive-aggressive British  

adjective

1. psychoanal of or relating to a personality that harbours aggressive emotions while behaving in a calm or detached manner

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Usage

What does passive-aggressive mean? Passive aggressive behavior is a way to express feelings of anger or annoyance, but in a non-forthcoming way. Instead of communicating openly, people who engage in this type of behavior share their negative feelings through actions. Passive aggressive personality disorder was once also a psychiatric diagnosis.

Other Word Forms

• passive-aggression
  noun

Etymology

Origin of passive-aggressive

First recorded in 1945–50

Example Sentences

See Examples For:

passive-aggressive

That’s a passive-aggressive approach that looks like this: sending the boss updates every 30 minutes, asking questions you already know the answer to and emailing summaries of every minor meeting or interaction.

From MarketWatch ● Jul. 21, 2026

Silently observing the passive-aggressive maelstrom, Marina will receive an intense immersion in what her life might have been like if he’d lived.

From Los Angeles Times ● Jul. 1, 2026

The conflict is often subtle, she explains, and as well as exclusion can include gossip and passive-aggressive comments.

From BBC ● Jan. 17, 2026

He has historically been passive-aggressive and he has become hostile toward me.

From MarketWatch ● Dec. 30, 2025

“I wasn’t trying to be passive-aggressive, Mama. It’s just been a long day. My brain isn’t running on a hundred percent.”

From "Anger Is a Gift" by Mark Oshiro