serotonin

American  

[ser-uh-toh-nin, seer-] / ˌsɛr əˈtoʊ nɪn, ˌsɪər- /

noun

Biochemistry.

1. a neurotransmitter, derived from tryptophan, that is involved in sleep, depression, memory, and other neurological processes.

---

serotonin British  

/ ˌsɛrəˈtəʊnɪn /

noun

1. a compound that occurs in the brain, intestines, and blood platelets and acts as a neurotransmitter, as well as inducing vasoconstriction and contraction of smooth muscle; 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT)

---

serotonin Scientific  

/ sĕr′ə-tō′nĭn,sîr′- /

1. A monoamine substance that is formed from tryptophan and found in many animal tissues, including the intestine and central nervous system. In the brain, serotonin acts as a neurotransmitter that is involved in the control of pain perception, the sleep-wake cycle, and mood. Serotonin is also produced in some bacteria and plants.

---

Etymology

Origin of serotonin

First recorded in 1945–50; sero- + tone + -in ²

Compare meaning

How does serotonin compare to similar and commonly confused words? Explore the most common comparisons:

• dopamine vs. serotonin

Explanation

Serotonin is a chemical in the human body known as the “feel-good chemical.” It helps regulate things like mood, sleep, and appetite. Some of it is in your brain but most of it is in your gut. Serotonin helps cells talk to each other. As serotonin has been studied by scientists over the years, it's become clear how important it is for helping people avoid depression and anxiety. With enough serotonin in your brain, you're able to sleep soundly, learn new things, and remember things clearly. Serotonin also helps with digestion, blood clotting, and bone density. Doctors first discovered serotonin in the 1940s.

Example Sentences

Serotonin is well-known for its role in depression, as the most widely used antidepressant drugs inhibit its reuptake in synapses, which transmit signals from one neuron to another.

From Science Daily • Apr. 3, 2024

Serotonin, which is a hormone that makes us feel happy and cheerful, just slips away, which is why I've never met anyone who wakes at night and is really happy and cheerful.

From Salon • Feb. 6, 2024

Serotonin was only reduced in the animals’ blood, not in their brains, for example, complicating potential explanations for how the molecule exerts neurocognitive effects.

From Science Magazine • Oct. 16, 2023

A: Serotonin is a neurochemical that impacts mood, sleep and sexuality.

From Seattle Times • Nov. 23, 2022

Serotonin is also synthesized by plants to regulate root growth.

From Textbooks • Jun. 9, 2022