belladonna

American  

[bel-uh-don-uh] / ˌbɛl əˈdɒn ə /

noun

1. Also called deadly nightshade.  a poisonous plant, Atropa belladonna, of the nightshade family, having purplish-red flowers and black berries.

2. Pharmacology. a drug from the leaves and root of this plant, containing atropine and related alkaloids: used in medicine to check secretions and spasms, to relieve pain or dizziness, and as a cardiac and respiratory stimulant.

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belladonna British  

/ ˌbɛləˈdɒnə /

noun

1. either of two alkaloid drugs, atropine or hyoscyamine, obtained from the leaves and roots of the deadly nightshade

2. another name for deadly nightshade

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belladonna Scientific  

/ bĕl′ə-dŏn′ə /

1. A preparation of the dried leaves or roots of deadly nightshade or related plants in the genus Belladonna, once used as a medicine. Belladonna contains several alkaloids that affect the nervous system by blocking the effects of acetylcholine.

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Etymology

Origin of belladonna

First recorded in 1590–1600, belladonna is from Italian bella donna literally, “fair lady” (so called because it is said to have been used by women to dilate the pupils of the eyes and to create an artificial pallor). See belle, donna

Example Sentences

A: Scopolamine is a compound found in certain toxic plants such as belladonna, angels trumpet and Jimson weed.

From Seattle Times • Aug. 23, 2023

The plant is included in the nightshade family, which features a host of toxic and beneficial species, from tomatoes and eggplant to tobacco and belladonna.

From Salon • Jul. 15, 2023

They then compared the activity of the HDH-encoding gene from A. belladonna with equivalents from other plants, and finally selected the gene from Circe’s jimsonweed as being optimal for hyoscyamine and scopolamine production.

From Nature • Sep. 1, 2020

She “dyed her hair a flaming red to match her vermilioned lips, rimmed her large green eyes with kohl and dilated the pupils with belladonna, and framed them with extraordinarily long false eyelashes.”

From Washington Post • Mar. 13, 2019

The branches bloomed with belladonna, a sign of danger to come.

From "The Marvellers" by Dhonielle Clayton