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The word bleak derives from a prehistoric Proto-Indo-European root meaning what?

bleak

1 American  
[bleek] / blik /

adjective

  • bleaker,
    comparative
  • bleakest
    superlative
  1. An image of the word bleak as defined by bare, desolate, and often windswept.

    bare, desolate, and often windswept.

    a bleak plain.

  2. cold and piercing; raw.

    a bleak wind.

  3. without hope or encouragement; depressing; dreary.

    a bleak future.


bleak 2 American  
[bleek] / blik /

noun

  • bleaks
    plural
  1. a European freshwater fish, Alburnus alburnus, having scales with a silvery pigment that is used in the production of artificial pearls.


bleak 1 British  
/ bliːk /

adjective

  1. exposed and barren; desolate

  2. cold and raw

  3. offering little hope or excitement; dismal

    a bleak future

"Collins English Dictionary — Complete & Unabridged" 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012

bleak 2 British  
/ bliːk /

noun

  1. any slender silvery European cyprinid fish of the genus Alburnus , esp A. lucidus , occurring in slow-flowing rivers

"Collins English Dictionary — Complete & Unabridged" 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012

Synonym Usage

See austere.

Other Word Forms

Derived Forms

Inflected Forms

Nouns

Adjectives

Etymology

Origin of bleak1

First recorded in 1300–50; Middle English bleke “pale,” blend of variants bleche ( Old English blǣc ) and blake ( Old English blāc ); both cognate with Old Norse bleikr, German bleich; akin to bleach

Origin of bleak2

First recorded in 1400–50; late Middle English bleke, noun use of bleke “pale”; see bleak 1

Explanation

Something that is bleak is gloomy and depressing. If it's raining and dark, you might describe the night as bleak. If you have looked for work and no one will hire you, you could describe your prospects as bleak. If you and the ten people sharing your lifeboat have been adrift for ten days and are down to your last cracker, your situation is bleak. A near synonym is dismal. Bleak is from Middle English bleik, from Old Norse bleikr, "white, pale." This word is related to the English word bleach.

Keep Reading on Vocabulary.com

Vocabulary lists containing bleak

Example Sentences

Examples are provided to illustrate real-world usage of words in context. Any opinions expressed do not reflect the views of Dictionary.com.

See Examples For:

If the recent terms are a prologue, the coming term is bleak.

From Slate ● Oct. 6, 2026

My objective is to use the existing comparisons to reexamine “Promising Young Woman,” try to understand Fennell’s intentions, and look at the bleak truths her movie stares straight in the face.

From Salon ● Oct. 2, 2026

Consumer sentiment surveys paint a bleak picture right now, but consumers are spending briskly.

From Barron's ● Oct. 2, 2026

You may not be earning a six-figure salary like that other letter writer, but your outlook is far less bleak than the initial arithmetic suggests.

From MarketWatch ● Oct. 2, 2026

Their three faces all wore the same bleak look.

From "Strange the Dreamer" by Laini Taylor

We once caught in an hour 6000 fishes like bleaks.

From A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels — Volume 08 by Robert Kerr

For young Americans, though, the job landscape was much bleaker.

From MarketWatch ● Aug. 13, 2026

Many in Hollywood fear that the consolidation of two historic studios will bring thousands of layoffs and contribute to a bleaker employment picture.

From Los Angeles Times ● Aug. 4, 2026

When Raducanu dissected her French Open first-round exit just three weeks ago in Paris, things looked much bleaker.

From BBC ● Jun. 14, 2026

For the around 2,000 consumers surveyed, the sense of bleaker times to come is also now apparent.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Apr. 27, 2026

That same day, however, he wrote John a private and far bleaker letter.

From "The Devil in the White City" by Erik Larson

Even in the bleakest moments, we took great comfort in their support.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Jul. 8, 2026

When I graduated from UC–Berkeley with my “useless” comparative literature degree, into one of the bleakest job markets in recent American memory, I thought to myself, There must be a loophole somewhere.

From Slate ● Mar. 20, 2026

Fender is one of our finest songwriters, with a sharp eye for detail and a heartland rock style that turn even the bleakest observations into rousing stadium anthems.

From BBC ● Feb. 16, 2025

Since this scene plays more than halfway through the second season in an episode called “Last Drink,” we recognize this as the bleakest version of “famous last words.”

From Salon ● Dec. 14, 2024

In theory, scientists can get energy from the Casimir effect even at absolute zero in the bleakest part of the vacuum of space.

From "Zero: The Biography of a Dangerous Idea" by Charles Seife

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