caliphate

American  

[kal-uh-fayt, -fit, kay-luh-] / ˈkæl əˌfeɪt, -fɪt, ˈkeɪ lə- /

Or califate,

noun

• caliphates
  plural

1. the rank, jurisdiction, or government of a caliph.

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caliphate British  

/ ˈkeɪlɪˌfeɪt, ˈkæl-, -fɪt /

noun

1. the office, jurisdiction, or reign of a caliph

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Other Word Forms

Noun Inflected Forms

• caliphates
  plural

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Etymology

Origin of caliphate

First recorded in 1725–35; caliph + -ate ³

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Explanation

Historically, a caliphate was an area where religious Muslims lived under the leadership of a caliph, who was considered to be a successor to Muhammad, Islam's prophet and founder. A caliphate is a kind of state, but because it's based on religion, it's not bound by the international laws that govern nation-states. The earliest caliphates were formed after Muhammad's death in 632, as a way to continue his teachings. The last political caliphate, in the Ottoman Empire, ended in 1923. In more recent times, the extremist militants known as ISIL have declared themselves to be a caliphate. The word is rooted in the Arabic khalifa, "successor."

Example Sentences

See Examples For:

caliphate caliphates

A group of women linked to Islamic State jihadists arrived in Australia on Thursday, returning home years after allegedly sneaking into Syria to join the group's self-declared caliphate.

From Barron's ● May 7, 2026

The size of a small city, the camp in Syria’s eastern desert at one point held more than 70,000 people after U.S.-backed forces destroyed what remained of Islamic State’s self-proclaimed caliphate in Syria in 2019.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Feb. 20, 2026

After the caliphate fell, al-Hol swelled to the size of a city holding more than 70,000 people in mid-2019, according to the Department of Defense.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Feb. 18, 2026

The Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces spearheaded the battle against IS in Syria, backed by a US-led coalition, after it declared a "caliphate" in swathes of Syria and neighbouring Iraq in 2014.

From Barron's ● Jan. 21, 2026

“I am famous from the courts of Chang’an to the caliphate of Baghdad for my honesty. They speak of my bargains among the tongueless island tribes—they click about me, like you do, Rasseem.”

From "The Many Assassinations of Samir, the Seller of Dreams" by Daniel Nayeri

And so we learn about the various mainstream caliphates over the centuries, the Umayyads and the Abbasids, and ultimately the Ottoman sultan-caliphs based in Istanbul who took on the role of “God’s shadow on earth.”

From The Wall Street Journal ● Mar. 4, 2026

It moved westward to the Middle East about 1200 years ago, a date that coincides with the expansion of trade and warfare by two Islamic caliphates, the Umayyad and the Abbasid.

From Science Magazine ● May 19, 2024

Under successive caliphates and Muslim dynasties, the dead of Cairo have been buried in this part of the city, beneath the low range of the Muqattam Hills.

From BBC ● May 26, 2023

The greatest period of contrast between the eastern lands of Byzantium and the caliphates, on the one hand, and most of Europe, on the other, was between the eighth and eleventh centuries.

From Textbooks ● Jan. 1, 2020

The Foundations of Science and Art.—In the old caliphates of Bagdad and Damascus there had developed great interest in learning.

From History of Human Society by Frank W. (Frank Wilson) Blackmar

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