city-state

American  

[sit-ee-stayt] / ˈsɪt iˌsteɪt /

noun

• city-states
  plural

1. a sovereign state consisting of an autonomous city and, especially historically, any dependent settlements or territories.

   The Corinthian order of architecture is named for its legendary origin in the ancient Greek city-state of Corinth.

   Singapore’s role in shaping global entrepreneurship has further strengthened that city-state's position in the world economy.

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city-state British  

noun

1. a state consisting of a sovereign city and its dependencies. Among the most famous are the great independent cities of the ancient world, such as Athens, Sparta, Carthage, Thebes, Corinth, and Rome

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Other Word Forms

Noun Inflected Forms

• city-states
  plural

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Etymology

Origin of city-state

First recorded in 1890–95

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Explanation

A city-state is an independent city — and sometimes its surrounding land — which has its own government, completely separate from nearby countries. Monaco is a city-state. Today, there are only five city-states that are truly self-governing, but in the past this was more common. In fact, well-known cities such as Rome and Athens were city-states, and the entire country of Italy was made up of independent merchant city-states during the Renaissance. These days, government tends to be concentrated in a larger country, rather than split into small, sovereign cities.

Example Sentences

See Examples For:

city-state city-states

Singapore has no plantations or forests of its own, but several companies with concessions in Indonesia are reportedly based in the city-state.

From Barron's ● Oct. 16, 2026

For the past 36 years, a firm cap on car ownership has kept the city-state largely free of gridlock.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Aug. 29, 2026

Officials for the city-state said an initial data leak occurred between 7 and 12 August.

From BBC ● Aug. 28, 2026

The head of the CDU in the northern city-state of Bremen, Heiko Strohmann, told Merz in a recent party meeting that he "was running a political party, not a business".

From Barron's ● Jul. 29, 2026

The king of Mutal, the biggest and most cosmopolitan city-state in the Maya world, he lived and worked in a sprawling castle a few hundred yards away from the great temples at the city’s heart.

From "1491" by Charles C. Mann

The region's city-states -- Ur, Uruk, and Lagash among them -- developed complex political and religious systems that became the blueprint for later societies.

From Science Daily ● Oct. 27, 2025

The ancient Greek mindset, curious and adaptive, owes much to living amid hundreds of neighboring city-states with distinct cultures.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Aug. 29, 2025

“Antigone” was performed during an uneasy respite from war with other Greek city-states.

From Salon ● Feb. 25, 2024

Gleick traces the history of conflicts to the first known war over water nearly 4,500 years ago between the ancient Sumerian city-states of Lagash and Umma in what is now southern Iraq.

From Los Angeles Times ● Dec. 28, 2023

The Mayans of the tenth century CE built city-states as far south as Belize and Honduras.

From "An Indigenous People’s History of the United States" by Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz

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