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had constrained

  • past perfect
    of constrain.
    constrain
    verb (used with object)
    to force, compel, or oblige.

Example Sentences

Examples are provided to illustrate real-world usage of words in context. Any opinions expressed do not reflect the views of Dictionary.com.

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Coronavirus outbreaks had shut down chip plants, and an unanticipated surge in demand for electronics from people riding out the pandemic at home had constrained supplies.

From New York Times ● Aug. 4, 2022

But there were also widespread reports that shortages of staff and disrupted supply chains had constrained growth in August, says Markit -- as the lack of key workers such as lorry drivers hits retailers.

From The Guardian ● Sep. 3, 2021

Apple had constrained the Mac Pro at a time when users wanted expandability and upgradability.

From The Verge ● May 31, 2019

NBC News reported on Saturday that the White House had constrained the FBI investigation by limiting its parameters.

From Reuters ● Sep. 30, 2018

But their efficiency had constrained young men like Lionel to an efficiency greater because the inspiration of a fine cause lay behind it.

From The Soul of Susan Yellam by Horace Annesley Vachell