had constrained
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past perfectof constrain.past perfect
Used to express a completed action that took place before another specific past action occurred.
constrainverb (used with object)to force, compel, or oblige.
Example Sentences
Examples are provided to illustrate real-world usage of words in context. Any opinions expressed do not reflect the views of Dictionary.com.
Coronavirus outbreaks had shut down chip plants, and an unanticipated surge in demand for electronics from people riding out the pandemic at home had constrained supplies.
From New York Times ● Aug. 4, 2022
But there were also widespread reports that shortages of staff and disrupted supply chains had constrained growth in August, says Markit -- as the lack of key workers such as lorry drivers hits retailers.
From The Guardian ● Sep. 3, 2021
Apple had constrained the Mac Pro at a time when users wanted expandability and upgradability.
From The Verge ● May 31, 2019
NBC News reported on Saturday that the White House had constrained the FBI investigation by limiting its parameters.
From Reuters ● Sep. 30, 2018
But their efficiency had constrained young men like Lionel to an efficiency greater because the inspiration of a fine cause lay behind it.
From The Soul of Susan Yellam by Horace Annesley Vachell