harlequin

American  

[hahr-luh-kwin, -kin] / ˈhɑr lə kwɪn, -kɪn /

noun

harlequins plural

1. (often initial capital letter) a comic character in commedia dell'arte and the harlequinade, usually masked, dressed in multicolored, diamond-patterned tights, and carrying a wooden sword or magic wand.

2. a buffoon.

3. any of various small snakes having bright diamond-pattern scales.

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adjective

1. fancifully varied in color, decoration, etc..

   harlequin pants.

2. resembling a harlequin's mask.

   harlequin glasses.

harlequin British  

/ ˈhɑːlɪkwɪn /

noun

1. (sometimes capital) theatre a stock comic character originating in the commedia dell'arte; the foppish lover of Columbine in the English harlequinade. He is usually represented in diamond-patterned multicoloured tights, wearing a black mask

2. a clown or buffoon

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adjective

1. varied in colour or decoration

2. (of certain animals) having a white coat with irregular patches of black or other dark colour

   harlequin Great Dane

3. comic; ludicrous

Other Word Forms

Derived Forms

• harlequinism
  noun

Inflected Forms

Nouns

• harlequins
  plural

Etymology

Origin of harlequin

First recorded in 1580–90; from French, Middle French (h)arlequin, semantically (and in part phonetically), from Italian arlecchino, from Middle French, phonetically continuing unattested Old French harlequin, halequin “a malevolent spirit” (compare mesniee Hellequin a troop of demonic horsemen, literally, “Hellequin's escort”), probably from unattested Middle English Herla king, Old English Her(e)la cyning “King Herle” (unattested), presumably a legendary figure, rendered in Anglo-Latin as Herla rex; compare Old High German Herilo a personal name, derivative of heri “armed forces”

Explanation

If your little sister seems fascinated by the harlequin character in the play you're watching together, it might be because of the brightly colored, diamond-patterned tights he's wearing. A harlequin is a classic comic pantomime character. In traditional pantomime, a comic performance with silent actors, a harlequin is a funny character who wears a mask and a distinctive diamond-patterned costume. The word harlequin sometimes describes bright, many-colored colored things, like a harlequin circus tent. The oldest versions of the word harlequin — the Middle Dutch hellekijn and the Old French hellequin, reference Hell and mean a kind of demon. In the translation from French to English, the harlequin lost his demonic quality and became a clown.

Example Sentences

See Examples For:

harlequin harlequins

The harlequin lady beetle has helped farmers and gardeners control plant-eating pests, and defenders argue it is basically harmless.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Nov. 16, 2025

Away from the from springtime pastels and prints, Alessandro Michele's debut couture collection was full of clashing colours and harlequin print fit for a court jester.

From BBC ● Jan. 31, 2025

There’s Anastasia Durasova’s makeup that makes a face look like that of a melting high-glam harlequin.

From Los Angeles Times ● Jun. 27, 2023

This also is an excellent bird-watching spot for black oystercatchers and harlequin ducks.

From Seattle Times ● Feb. 3, 2023

The skin between them darkened, too, knitting her freckles together into a speckled harlequin mask.

From "Middlesex: A Novel" by Jeffrey Eugenides

As Dr Elizabeth Duncan says: "Unfortunately, they do compete with and can outcompete some native ladybird species, but they like to overwinter in different environments - harlequins in our homes and seven-spots in leaf litter."

From BBC ● Oct. 7, 2025

Owning these harlequins should be a piece of cake, and the woman who spent most of her career sticking it to abusive husbands and predatory bankers could be just the man to get things moving.

From Salon ● Jul. 24, 2024

A riot of colors, ludic patterns, and subtle riffs on harlequins.

From Seattle Times ● Oct. 2, 2023

Pierrots, sailors, harlequins and peasants follow in the procession, small bells sewn to their costumes ringing as local brass bands play the streets.

From Reuters ● Feb. 21, 2023

He saw Ku Klux Klan hoods, skeletons, harlequins in garish colors, painted faces.

From "Zeitoun" by Dave Eggers