ibid.

American  

[ib-id] / ˈɪb ɪd /

abbreviation

1. ibidem.

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ibid. British  

abbreviation

1. ibidem

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ibid. Cultural  

1. An abbreviation for ibidem, a Latin word meaning “in the same place.” It is used in footnotes and bibliographies to refer to a source cited in a previous entry.

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Etymology

Origin of ibid.

Latin: in the same place

Explanation

When you see ibid. in a list of references or citations, it's a shortcut that lets you know the given information was found in a previously mentioned source. The word ibid. is actually short for the Latin word ibidem, meaning "in the same place." It is used in citations to refer back to the same source previously cited. This is handy in scholarly work when the same book or article is cited multiple times in a row. For example, if you're writing a paper and use several different facts from the same book, using ibid. can save you from repeating the full citation each time.

Example Sentences

Plumatella emarginata, id., ibid. p. 104, pl. vii, figs. 5-10.

From Freshwater Sponges, Hydroids & Polyzoa by Annandale, Nelson

III; "Money as a Measure of Value," ibid., vol.

From Social Value A Study in Economic Theory Critical and Constructive by Anderson, Benjamin M. (Benjamin McAlester)

“Deliberate confessions of guilt,” says Mr. Greenleaf, ibid. sec.

From Dealings with the Dead, Volume I (of 2) by School, A Sexton of the Old

These articles by Professors Ross and Merriam were written in the course of an interesting controversy between the gentlemen named, Tuttle, C. A., "The Wealth Concept," ibid., vol.

From Social Value A Study in Economic Theory Critical and Constructive by Anderson, Benjamin M. (Benjamin McAlester)

See ibid. on the worship of Alful, Sahd, and Sahid.

From The History of Antiquity, Vol. I (of VI) by Duncker, Max