ibid.

American  

[ib-id] / ˈɪb ɪd /

abbreviation

1. ibidem.

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ibid. British  

abbreviation

1. ibidem

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ibid. Cultural  

1. An abbreviation for ibidem, a Latin word meaning “in the same place.” It is used in footnotes and bibliographies to refer to a source cited in a previous entry.

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Etymology

Origin of ibid.

Latin: in the same place

Explanation

When you see ibid. in a list of references or citations, it's a shortcut that lets you know the given information was found in a previously mentioned source. The word ibid. is actually short for the Latin word ibidem, meaning "in the same place." It is used in citations to refer back to the same source previously cited. This is handy in scholarly work when the same book or article is cited multiple times in a row. For example, if you're writing a paper and use several different facts from the same book, using ibid. can save you from repeating the full citation each time.

Example Sentences

Kirkpatrick, "Description of a new variety of Spongilla loricata, Weltner," ibid. pp. 97-99.

From Freshwater Sponges, Hydroids & Polyzoa by Annandale, Nelson

Ghaznevids in vol. ii, chap. ii; and Seljúqs, ibid., chaps, iii to v.

From A Literary History of the Arabs by Nicholson, Reynold

Needham, "Notes on the Neuroptera in the collection of the Indian Museum," ibid. pp. 206-207.

From Freshwater Sponges, Hydroids & Polyzoa by Annandale, Nelson

Stephenson, "On some aquatic Oligoch�te worms commensal in Spongilla carteri," ibid. pp. 233-240.

From Freshwater Sponges, Hydroids & Polyzoa by Annandale, Nelson

Vejdovsky, "Diagnosis of the European Spongillid�," ibid. pp. 172-180.

From Freshwater Sponges, Hydroids & Polyzoa by Annandale, Nelson