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principle

[prin-suh-puh l]
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noun
  1. an accepted or professed rule of action or conduct: a person of good moral principles.
  2. a fundamental, primary, or general law or truth from which others are derived: the principles of modern physics.
  3. a fundamental doctrine or tenet; a distinctive ruling opinion: the principles of the Stoics.
  4. principles, a personal or specific basis of conduct or management: to adhere to one's principles; a kindergarten run on modern principles.
  5. guiding sense of the requirements and obligations of right conduct: a person of principle.
  6. an adopted rule or method for application in action: a working principle for general use.
  7. a rule or law exemplified in natural phenomena, the construction or operation of a machine, the working of a system, or the like: the principle of capillary attraction.
  8. the method of formation, operation, or procedure exhibited in a given case: a community organized on the patriarchal principle.
  9. a determining characteristic of something; essential quality.
  10. an originating or actuating agency or force: growth is the principle of life.
  11. an actuating agency in the mind or character, as an instinct, faculty, or natural tendency: the principles of human behavior.
  12. Chemistry. a constituent of a substance, especially one giving to it some distinctive quality or effect.
  13. Obsolete. beginning or commencement.
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Idioms
  1. in principle, in essence or substance; fundamentally: to accept a plan in principle.
  2. on principle,
    1. according to personal rules for right conduct; as a matter of moral principle: He refused on principle to agree to the terms of the treaty.
    2. according to a fixed rule, method, or practice: He drank hot milk every night on principle.
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Origin of principle

1350–1400; Middle English, alteration of Middle French principe or Latin prīncipium, on the analogy of manciple. See principium
Can be confusedprincipal principle (see usage note at principal) (see synonym study at the current entry)

Synonyms

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2. theorem, axiom, postulate, proposition. 5. integrity, probity, rectitude, honor.

Synonym study

1–3. Principle, canon, rule imply something established as a standard or test, for measuring, regulating, or guiding conduct or practice. A principle is a general and fundamental truth that may be used in deciding conduct or choice: to adhere to principle. Canon, originally referring to an edict of the Church (a meaning that it still retains), is used of any principle, law, or critical standard that is officially approved, particularly in aesthetics and scholarship: canons of literary criticism. A rule, usually something adopted or enacted, is often the specific application of a principle: the golden rule.

Usage note

See principal.
Dictionary.com Unabridged Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2018

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British Dictionary definitions for principles

Principle

noun
  1. Christian Science another word for God
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principle

noun
  1. a standard or rule of personal conducta man of principle
  2. (often plural) a set of such moral ruleshe'd stoop to anything; he has no principles
  3. adherence to such a moral code; moralityit's not the money but the principle of the thing; torn between principle and expediency
  4. a fundamental or general truth or lawfirst principles
  5. the essence of somethingthe male principle
  6. a source or fundamental cause; originprinciple of life
  7. a rule or law concerning a natural phenomenon or the behaviour of a systemthe principle of the conservation of mass
  8. an underlying or guiding theory or beliefthe hereditary principle; socialist principles
  9. chem a constituent of a substance that gives the substance its characteristics and behaviourbitter principle
  10. in principle in theory or essence
  11. on principle because of or in demonstration of a principle
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Word Origin

C14: from Latin principium beginning, basic tenet

usage

Principle and principal are often confused: the principal (not principle) reason for his departure; the plan was approved in principle (not in principal)
Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012

Word Origin and History for principles

principle

n.

late 14c., "origin, source, beginning; rule of conduct; axiom, basic assumption; elemental aspect of a craft or discipline," from Anglo-French principle, Old French principe "origin, cause, principle," from Latin principium (plural principia) "a beginning, commencement, origin, first part," in plural "foundation, elements," from princeps (see prince). Used absolutely for (good or moral) principle from 1650s.

It is often easier to fight for principles than to live up to them. [Adlai Stevenson, speech, New York City, Aug. 27, 1952]

Scientific sense of "general law of nature" is recorded from 1802. The English -l- apparently is by analogy of participle, etc.

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Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper
principles in Medicine

principle

(prĭn′sə-pəl)
n.
  1. A basic truth, law, or assumption.
  2. A rule or law concerning the functioning of natural phenomena or mechanical processes.
  3. One of the elements composing a chemical compound, especially one that gives some special quality or effect.
  4. The essential ingredient in a drug.
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The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company.

Idioms and Phrases with principles

principle

see in principle; on principle.

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The American Heritage® Idioms Dictionary Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.