sham
[sham]
- something that is not what it purports to be; a spurious imitation; fraud or hoax.
- a person who shams; shammer.
- a cover or the like for giving a thing a different outward appearance: a pillow sham.
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- pretended; counterfeit; feigned: sham attacks; a sham Gothic façade.
- designed, made, or used as a sham.
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- to produce an imitation of.
- to assume the appearance of; pretend to have: to sham illness.
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- to make a false show of something; pretend.
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Origin of sham
First recorded in 1670–80; origin uncertain
Synonyms
See more synonyms for on Thesaurus.comAntonyms
4. genuine.
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2018
Related Words
fraudulentfictitiousphonybogusfraudfarcemockeryhypocrisywhitewashforgerytravestyfakedummyaffectedersatzmockassumedplasterpretendpseudoExamples from the Web for sham
Contemporary Examples
Also in 1997, Hayes entered a sham marriage with a Nigerian immigrant, for which she was paid $5,000.
Then came the admission of a sham marriage with an immigrant.
But for the literalists who simply must know, who must look behind the curtain, who must see if Oz is real or a sham?
As the pyramid grew, the teen struggled to manage his responsibilities at home, in school and with his sham company.
The protest and legal action had been a sham, Mrs. Kasem said.
Historical Examples
But women must beware of sham emotion and lachrymose sentimentality.
The Truth About WomanC. Gasquoine Hartley
Will this country ever escape the tutorship of sham science?
Diary from November 12, 1862, to October 18, 1863Adam Gurowski
And whether the one or the other, it is a sham more pernicious than the worst.
The Book of KhalidAmeen Rihani
It is only sham battles that cost something less than blood.
Things as They AreAmy Wilson-Carmichael
It is a veritable 'sham,' having no relation to fact, or to truth of any kind.
PhaedrusPlato
sham
- anything that is not what it purports or appears to be
- something false, fake, or fictitious that purports to be genuine
- a person who pretends to be something other than he is
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- counterfeit or false; simulated
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- to falsely assume the appearance of (something); counterfeitto sham illness
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Word Origin
C17: perhaps a Northern English dialect variant of shame
Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition
© William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins
Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012
Word Origin and History for sham
n.
1670s, "a trick, a hoax, a fraud," also as a verb and an adjective, of uncertain origin; the words burst into use in 1677. Perhaps from sham, a northern dialectal variant of shame (n.); a derivation OED finds "not impossible." Sense of "something meant to be mistaken for something else" is from 1728. The meaning "false front" in pillow-sham (1721) is from the notion of "counterfeit." Related: Shammed; shamming; shammer. Shamateur "amateur sportsman who acts like a professional" is from 1896.
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Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper