umbra
[ uhm-bruh ]
/ ˈʌm brə /
noun, plural um·bras, um·brae [uhm-bree]. /ˈʌm bri/.
shade; shadow.
the invariable or characteristic accompaniment or companion of a person or thing.
Astronomy.
- the complete or perfect shadow of an opaque body, as a planet, where the direct light from the source of illumination is completely cut off.Compare penumbra (def. 1a).
- the dark central portion of a sunspot.Compare penumbra (def. 1b).
a phantom or shadowy apparition, as of someone or something not physically present; ghost; spectral image.
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Origin of umbra
1600–10; from Latin: literally, “shade, shadow”
OTHER WORDS FROM umbra
umbral, adjectiveWords nearby umbra
umble pie, umbles, umbo, umbonal, umbonate, umbra, umbrage, umbrageous, umbrella, umbrella bird, umbrella leaf
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Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2020
Example sentences from the Web for umbra
British Dictionary definitions for umbra
umbra
/ (ˈʌmbrə) /
noun plural -brae (-briː) or -bras
a region of complete shadow resulting from the total obstruction of light by an opaque object, esp the shadow cast by the moon onto the earth during a solar eclipse
the darker inner region of a sunspot
Compare penumbra
Derived forms of umbra
umbral, adjectiveWord Origin for umbra
C16: from Latin: shade, shadow
Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition
© William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins
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Scientific definitions for umbra
umbra
[ ŭm′brə ]
Plural umbras umbrae (ŭm′brē)
The darkest part of a shadow, especially the cone-shaped region of full shadow cast by Earth, the Moon, or another body during an eclipse. In a full lunar eclipse, which generally lasts for one or two hours, the entire disk of the Moon is darkened as it passes through the umbra. During this period the Moon takes on a faint reddish glow due to illumination by a small amount of sunlight that is refracted through the Earth's atmosphere and bent toward the darkened Moon; the reddish tint is caused by the filtering out of blue wavelengths as the sunlight passes through the Earth's atmosphere, leaving only the longer wavelengths on the red end of the spectrum. See Note at eclipse.
The dark central region of a sunspot. Compare penumbra.
The American Heritage® Science Dictionary
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