with

Old English wið "against, opposite, toward," a shortened form related to wiðer, from Proto-Germanic *withro- "against" (cf. Old Saxon withar "against," Old Norse viðr "against, with, toward, at," Middle Dutch, Dutch weder, Dutch weer "again," Gothic wiþra "against, opposite"), from PIE *wi-tero-, literally "more apart," from root *wi- "separation" (cf. Sanskrit vi, Avestan vi- "asunder," Sanskrit vitaram "further, farther," Old Church Slavonic vutoru "other, second").

Sense shifted in Middle English to denote association, combination, and union, partly by influence of Old Norse vidh, and also perhaps by Latin cum "with" (as in pugnare cum "fight with"). In this sense, it replaced Old English mid "with," which survives only as a prefix (e.g. midwife). Original sense of "against, in opposition" is retained in compounds such as withhold, withdraw, withstand. Often treated as a conjunction by ungrammatical writers and used where and would be correct. First record of with child "pregnant" is recorded from c.1200. With it "cool" is black slang, recorded by 1931. French avec "with" was originally avoc, from Vulgar Latin *abhoc, from apud hoc, literally "with this."

In addition to the idioms beginning with with

• with a grain of salt
• with all due respect
• with all one's heart
• with an eye to
• with a vengeance
• with a view to
• with a will
• with bad grace
• with bated breath
• with bells on
• with flying colors, pass with
• with good grace
• with half a heart
• within an ace of
• within bounds
• within call
• within reach
• within reason
• with interest
• with it, be
• with one arm tied behind one's back
• with one's eyes open
• with one's pants down
• with one voice
• with open arms
• with reason
• with reference to
• with the best of them
• with the best will in the world
• with the exception of
• with the gloves off

also see:

• alive with
• all over with
• all right with
• all up (with)
• along with
• at home (with)
• at odds (with)
• at one (with)
• bear with
• born with a silver spoon
• both barrels, with
• bound up in (with)
• break with
• burst with
• can do with
• can't do anything with
• cast one's lot with
• caught with one's pants down
• charge with
• clear with
• come down with
• come out with
• come to grips with
• come to terms with
• come up with
• come with the territory
• cook with gas
• damn with faint praise
• deal with
• die with one's boots on
• dispense with
• do away with
• down with
• fall in with
• fence with
• fight fire with fire
• fit in (with)
• fix up with
• get along with
• get an in with
• get away with
• get involved with
• get in with
• get on (with it)
• get over (with)
• get together (with)
• get tough with
• go along (with)
• go halves with
• go hard with
• gone with the wind
• go out (with)
• go through (with)
• go to bed with
• go with
• go with the flow
• green with envy
• handle with gloves
• have a brush with
• have a way with
• have a word with
• have done (with)
• have no truck with
• have pull with
• have to do with
• have words with
• hold with
• in bad with
• in good with
• in league with
• in (with) regard to
• in trouble with
• in with
• it's all over with
• keep up with
• kill with kindness
• laugh and the world laughs with you
• lead with one's chin
• learn to live with
• level with
• lie with
• like a chicken with its head cut off
• over and done with
• over with
• pal around with
• part with
• play ball (with)
• play the devil with
• play with fire
• put up with
• reckon with
• roll with the punches
• rub elbows with
• run around (with)
• run away with
• run off with
• run with
• saddle someone with
• see with half an eye
• settle with
• shake hands with
• shake with laughter
• side with
• sign on with
• sit well with
• sleep with
• spar with
• square with
• stand up with
• stay with
• stick with
• stuck with
• swim with the tide
• take issue with
• taken with
• take the bitter with the sweet
• take the rough with the smooth
• take up with
• tamper with
• tarred with the same brush
• tax with
• team up with
• tinker with
• together with
• to hell with
• top off (with)
• to start with
• toy with
• trouble one's head with
• vote with one's feet
• walk off with
• what's with
• what with
• you can't take it with you