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rosolio

[ roh-zoh-lee-oh, ruh- ] [ roʊˈzoʊ liˌoʊ, rə- ] Show IPA Phonetic Respelling

noun

a cordial flavored with rose petals, cloves, cinnamon, or the like, popular in southern Europe.

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More about rosolio

Rosolio “a cordial flavored with rose petals or spices” is a borrowing from Italian, and though a rosolio can include rose petals among its ingredients, the drink is not related to the word rose. Rosolio is a variant, likely because of the influence of Italian rosa “rose” and olio “oil,” of rosoli, from Medieval Latin rōs sōlis “dew of the sun.” The term rosemary has a similar origin, deriving not from rose and Mary but rather from rōs maris “dew of the sea.” Latin rōs “dew” has relatively few descendants in English, other than obscure, obsolete terms such as rorid and rory, both meaning “dewy,” but Latin sōl “sun” is the source of solar, solarium “sunroom,” parasol, and solstice. Rosolio was first recorded in English in the 1810s.

how is rosolio used?

Italicus is a new liqueur from Italy inspired by rosolio, a drink that was once the toast of the Court of Savoy …. Piecing together the original rosolio recipe was painstaking work; [Giuseppe Gallo, Italicus creator and an authority on Italian drinks,] spent many months trawling the archives of the University of Turin and interviewing superannuated Italians before he pinpointed a formula of roses, lavender, gentian and lemon balm. For his own recipe, he added chamomile, bergamot and fragrant Cedro lemon to the mix, resulting in a slightly more citrusy liqueur that works particularly well served 50/50 with prosecco, lots of ice and a couple of green olives.

Alice Lascelles, “The great cocktail detectives,” Financial Times, June 9, 2017
[S]ommelier and “maître liquoriste” Deirdre Heekin …. began experimenting with herbal spirits and homemade cordials after returning from a 2002 trip through Calabria, where she encountered a rainbow of different rosolios, homemade liqueurs made from roses and other botanicals. “They were like nothing I’d ever seen before,” she said. “It was a total aha moment.” So, when Eden asked Ms. Heekin to consider developing domestic versions of the aperitifs she recalled fondly from her travels—using not wine, but Vermont ice cider as the base—she dove at the chance.

Sarah Karnasiewicz, “American Aperitifs: New Takes on Old-School Drinks,” Wall Street Journal, July 12, 2013

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Word of the day

apparatus

[ ap-uh-rat-uhs, -rey-tuhs ] [ ˌæp əˈræt əs, -ˈreɪ təs ] Show IPA Phonetic Respelling

noun

any complex instrument or mechanism for a particular purpose.

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More about apparatus

Apparatus “a complex instrument for a particular purpose” is a borrowing of Latin apparātus “equipment, act of equipping, preparation.” Using the suffix -tus, which indicates verbal action, apparātus—literally meaning “equipped (thing)”—is the past participle of the verb apparāre “to equip, make ready,” from parāre “to prepare.” The stems of parāre, para- and pera-, appear in a wide variety of Latin-derived terms, from imperative and preparation to vituperate and separatist. As a result of the regular sound changes that emerged as Latin evolved into French, parāre still exists today, albeit in disguise, in French-derived terms such as empire, rampart, repair, spar, and even sever. Apparatus was first recorded in English in the 1620s.

how is apparatus used?

New research shows that six species of Caribbean and Latin American anoles, a type of lizard, can exhale air to create large, oxygen-filled bubbles that cling to their head. The anoles were seen periodically inflating the bubbles and then drawing them back in through their noses …. “We think this is operating like a rebreathing device,” says study first author Christopher Boccia, a doctoral student at Queen’s University in Kingston, Ontario. That device, also called a rebreather, is an apparatus that allows divers to extend time underwater by recycling exhaled air and breathing the previously-unused oxygen in it.

Douglas Main, “These lizards use bubbles to breathe underwater,” National Geographic, May 12, 2021

Scientists, philosophers—and parents—have asked similar questions about what is innate and what is learned in the infant brain, going all the way back to the ancients. A study conducted using an apparatus specifically designed to inspect the brains of babies may bring an answer one step closer …. Rebecca Saxe, a professor of brain and cognitive sciences at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and her colleagues scanned 42 infants ranging in age from two to nine months using a special functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) helmet designed specifically for babies.

Dana G. Smith, “Infants as Young as Two Months May Be Able to Detect Faces and Scenes,” Scientific American, November 15, 2021

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rufescent

[ roo-fes-uhnt ] [ ruˈfɛs ənt ] Show IPA Phonetic Respelling

adjective

somewhat reddish; tinged with red; rufous.

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More about rufescent

Rufescent “somewhat reddish” comes from the Latin verb rūfescere “to redden,” which is formed from the adjective rūfus “red, tawny” and the inchoative infix -esc- “to become, to begin to be.” Our longtime followers should be well acquainted by now with the infix -esc-, which has cropped up in the recent Words of the Day iridescent, evanesce, and violescent. There are numerous words for “red” in Latin, but among the best-known terms are ruber, rubeus, rūfus, and russus. In English, ruber gives us rubella, after the typical red rash, as well as rubric, because instructions in legal and religious texts were once often written in red ocher. Rubeus is the source of ruby and (via French) rouge, while descendants of russus include russet as well as roux (from French beurre roux “browned butter”) and the names Rousseau and Russell (from French roux “redhead”). Rufescent was first recorded in English in the 1810s.

how is rufescent used?

From Queensboro Bridge Park, his gaze shifts back to center and the dusty rufescent brown chain link fence momentarily pops back into focus—its color not unlike that of dried blood, a darker version of the still coagulating reds covering the arches over on the Hell Gate and Roosevelt Island Bridges; except for the Triborough, which is the cool blue of a corpse in livor mortis, the paths to Queens seen here are all seemingly slathered in blood—before his eyes can adjust to their target, the slowly moving water below.

A. D. Aliwat, In Limbo, 2021

Enter the grove, and it is like walking into a vast, dimly lit dome with sunlight barely filtering through the canopy of incredibly old trees, many with a thick covering of green moss and lichen, and others with a decoration of wildflowers and orchids of various species. The floor is covered with a carpet of rotting, rufescent leaves, several inches thick, judging from the way one’s feet sink into them. The atmosphere is as peaceful and solemn as a house of worship. One can hear only the calming sounds of the forest.

Kynpham Sing Nongkynrih, "The Sacred Groves of Meghalaya," Science: The Wire, November 21, 2021

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