mitosis

American  

[mahy-toh-sis] / maɪˈtoʊ sɪs /

noun

Cell Biology.

mitoses plural

1. the usual method of cell division, characterized typically by the resolving of the chromatin of the nucleus into a threadlike form, which condenses into chromosomes, each of which separates longitudinally into two parts, one part of each chromosome being retained in each of two new cells resulting from the original cell.

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mitosis British  

/ maɪˈtəʊsɪs, mɪ-, mɪ-, maɪˈtɒtɪk /

noun

1. a method of cell division, in which the nucleus divides into daughter nuclei, each containing the same number of chromosomes as the parent nucleus Compare prophase metaphase anaphase telophase meiosis

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mitosis Scientific  

/ mī-tō′sĭs /

1. The process in cell division in eukaryotes in which the nucleus divides to produce two new nuclei, each having the same number and type of chromosomes as the original. Prior to mitosis, each chromosome is replicated to form two identical strands (called chromatids). As mitosis begins, the chromosomes line up along the center of the cell by attaching to the fibers of the cell spindle. The pairs of chromatids then separate, each strand of a pair moving to an opposite end of the cell. When a new membrane forms around each of the two groups of chromosomes, division of the nucleus is complete. The four main phases of mitosis are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

2. Compare meiosis

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mitosis Cultural  

1. Division of a single cell into two identical “daughter” cells. Each daughter cell has an identical number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Mitosis begins when the DNA in the parent cell replicates itself; it ends with two cells having the same genes (see genetics). Most cells in the human body, and all single-celled organisms, reproduce through mitosis. (Compare meiosis.)

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Closer Look

Mitosis is the process by which the nucleus divides in eukaryotic organisms, producing two new nuclei that are genetically identical to the nucleus of the parent cell. diamf3 It occurs in cell division carried on by human somatic cells—the cells used for the maintenance and growth of the body. These cells have two paired sets of 23 chromosomes, or 46 chromosomes in total. (Cells with two sets of chromosomes are called diploid.) Before cell division occurs, the genetic material in each chromosome is duplicated as part of the normal functioning of the cell. Each chromosome then consists of two chromatids, identical strands of DNA. When a cell undergoes mitosis, the chromosomes condense into 46 compact bodies. The chromatids then separate, and one chromatid from each of the 46 chromosomes moves to each side of the cell as it prepares to divide. The chromatids form the chromosomes of the daughter cells, so that each new cell has 46 chromosomes, (two complete sets of 23) just like the parent cell. While both mitosis and meiosis refer properly to types of nuclear division, they are often used as shorthand to refer to the entire processes of cell division themselves. When mitosis and meiosis are used to refer specifically to nuclear division, they are often contrasted with cytokinesis, the division of the cytoplasm.

Other Word Forms

Derived Forms

• intermitotic
  adjective
• mitotic
  adjective
• mitotically
  adverb

Inflected Forms

Nouns

• mitoses
  plural

Etymology

Origin of mitosis

First recorded in 1885–90; from Greek mít(os) “thread” + -osis

Explanation

If you’re in biology class studying the way cells divide, then you’re probably learning about mitosis. Mitosis is a process of cell division in which the parent cell makes two new daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent. To do this, it goes through several different phases to divide and then rebuild the chromosomes. The word mitosis comes from the Greek word for "thread."

Example Sentences

See Examples For:

mitosis mitoses

Perhaps that’s the next phase of Coachella’s mitosis: Weekend 1 determines how Coachella is seen, and Weekend 2 is where that attention is extended, maybe even reshaped.

From Los Angeles Times ● Apr. 26, 2026

"It's about creating the conditions for the system to run smoothly. CENP-E's key role is to stabilize the start, and once that happens, the rest of mitosis unfolds correctly."

From Science Daily ● Dec. 10, 2025

In their new study, the MIT team found that during mitosis, microcompartments are more likely to be found near the genes that spike during cell division.

From Science Daily ● Oct. 24, 2025

They also discovered that these loops appear to form as a result of the genome compaction that occurs during mitosis.

From Science Daily ● Oct. 24, 2025

When the time for swarming comes, and the old queen prepares to leave with her part of the population, it is as though the hive were involved in mitosis.

From "The Lives of a Cell" by Lewis Thomas

Importantly, the researchers demonstrated that the stopwatch mechanism is switched "off" by many types of cancers, effectively allowing them to tolerate aberrant genomes that undergo longer and problematic mitoses.

From Science Daily ● Mar. 28, 2024

In interphase, the phase of the cell cycle between mitoses at which the chromosomes are decondensed, eukaryotic chromosomes have two distinct regions that can be distinguished by staining.

From Textbooks ● Apr. 25, 2013

There were no dividing spermatogonia and few spermatocyte mitoses.

From Studies in Spermatogenesis Part II by Stevens, Nettie Maria

For special purposes, for instance, the demonstration of mitoses, blood platelets, etc., other hardening reagents may be used with advantage: Sublimate, osmic acid, Flemming's fluid, and so forth.

From Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological by Myers, W.

These really negative observations shew that the mitoses play a completely negligeable part in the increase of the cells in the blood itself.

From Histology of the Blood Normal and Pathological by Myers, W.