monosaccharide

[ mon-uh-sak-uh-rahyd, -er-id ]
/ ˌmɒn əˈsæk əˌraɪd, -ər ɪd /
SEE SYNONYMS FOR monosaccharide ON THESAURUS.COM

noun Chemistry.

a carbohydrate that does not hydrolyze, as glucose, fructose, or ribose, occurring naturally or obtained by the hydrolysis of glycosides or polysaccharides.

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Also mon·o·sac·cha·rose [mon-uh-sak-uh-rohs] /ˌmɒn əˈsæk əˌroʊs/.

Origin of monosaccharide

First recorded in 1895–1900; mono- + saccharide

Words nearby monosaccharide

monorchid, monorchidism, monorchism, monorhinous, monorhyme, monosaccharide, monosaturated, monoscope, monosemy, monosepalous, monoski
Dictionary.com Unabridged Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2020

Words related to monosaccharide

sugar, starch, lactose, glucose, cellulose, galactose, glycogen, disaccharide, sucrose, maltose, fructose, dextrose, dextrin, polysaccharide

British Dictionary definitions for monosaccharide

monosaccharide
/ (ˌmɒnəʊˈsækəˌraɪd, -rɪd) /

noun

a simple sugar, such as glucose or fructose, that does not hydrolyse to yield other sugars
Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012

Medical definitions for monosaccharide

monosaccharide
[ mŏn′ə-săk′ə-rīd′, -rĭd ]

n.

A carbohydrate that cannot be decomposed to a simpler carbohydrate by hydrolysis, especially one of the hexoses.simple sugar
The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company.

Scientific definitions for monosaccharide

monosaccharide
[ mŏn′ə-săk′ə-rīd′ ]

Any of a class of carbohydrates that cannot be broken down to simpler sugars by hydrolysis and that constitute the building blocks of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. Monosaccharides consist of at least three carbon atoms, one of which is attached to an oxygen atom to form an aldehyde group (CHO) or a ketone, and the others of which are each attached to a hydroxyl group (OH). Monosaccharides can occur as chains or rings. Fructose, glucose, and ribose are monosaccharides. Also called simple sugar Compare oligosaccharide polysaccharide. See more at aldose ketose.
The American Heritage® Science Dictionary Copyright © 2011. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.