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  • short circuit
    short circuit
    noun
    an abnormal, usually unintentional condition of relatively low resistance between two points of different potential in a circuit, usually resulting in a flow of excess current.
  • short-circuit
    short-circuit
    verb (used with object)
Synonyms

short circuit

1 American  

noun

Electricity.
  1. Also called short.  an abnormal, usually unintentional condition of relatively low resistance between two points of different potential in a circuit, usually resulting in a flow of excess current.


short-circuit 2 American  
[shawrt-sur-kit] / ˌʃɔrtˈsɜr kɪt /

verb (used with object)

short-circuits, present (3rd person singular) short-circuited, past participle, past short-circuiting present participle
  1. Electricity.

    1. to make (an appliance, switch, etc.) inoperable by establishing a short circuit in.

    2. to carry (a current) as a short circuit.

  2. to bypass, impede, hinder, or frustrate.

    Bad weather short-circuited my vacation plans.


verb (used without object)

short-circuits, present (3rd person singular) short-circuited, past participle, past short-circuiting present participle
  1. Electricity. to form a short circuit or become inoperable due to a short circuit.

short circuit British  

noun

  1. a faulty or accidental connection between two points of different potential in an electric circuit, bypassing the load and establishing a path of low resistance through which an excessive current can flow. It can cause damage to the components if the circuit is not protected by a fuse

"Collins English Dictionary — Complete & Unabridged" 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012

verb

  1. to develop or cause to develop a short circuit

  2. (tr) to bypass (a procedure, regulation, etc)

  3. (tr) to hinder or frustrate (plans, etc)

"Collins English Dictionary — Complete & Unabridged" 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012
short circuit Scientific  
/ shôrt /
  1. An electrical path in a circuit that causes most of the current to flow around or away from some other path in the circuit. Accidental short circuits, especially between the high and low voltages of a power supply, can cause very strong current to flow, possibly damaging or overheating the circuit.


short circuit Cultural  
  1. An electrical circuit in which a path of very low resistance has been opened, usually accidentally. When the resistance drops, the electric current (see also current) in the circuit becomes very high and can cause damage to the circuit and start fires.


Other Word Forms

Inflected Forms

Participles

Conjugated Forms

Present

Past

Future

Etymology

Origin of short circuit1

First recorded in 1875–80

Origin of short-circuit2

First recorded in 1870–75

Example Sentences

Examples are provided to illustrate real-world usage of words in context. Any opinions expressed do not reflect the views of Dictionary.com.

See Examples For:

These thread like growths, known as filaments, would keep extending until they created a short circuit and destroyed the pixel.

From Science Daily Mar. 4, 2026

Local broadcaster NDTV, citing unnamed police officials, said that a short circuit may have sparked the fire.

From Barron's Oct. 14, 2025

“Now they want to short circuit the whole process,” McGoldrick added.

From Los Angeles Times Jun. 23, 2025

International Paralympic Committee president Andrew Parsons ran a short circuit of the athletics track following the ignition earlier.

From BBC Aug. 24, 2024

In the midst of one prayer, smoke issued from the lectern and I thought we had gone too far but it turned out to be a short circuit.

From "Travels with Charley in Search of America" by John Steinbeck

So a lot of people think bubbles are an ideological thing, instead of a material thing with reasons and motives that are totally rational — and that we can short-circuit.

From Salon Jun. 22, 2026

His 8-foot wingspan and uncanny quickness let him short-circuit opposing offenses all by himself.

From The Wall Street Journal May 31, 2026

There will still be opportunities for regular people to short-circuit these attempted abuses.

From Slate Apr. 3, 2026

The submarine vanished on November 15, 2017 after reporting that seawater had entered the ventilation system, causing a battery on the vessel to short-circuit and start a fire.

From Barron's Mar. 4, 2026

Cooper reminded Shepard that his body was covered with sensors and electrical wires; he’d short-circuit the system.

From "Fallout: Spies, Superbombs, and the Ultimate Cold War Showdown" by Steve Sheinkin

The sales process likely short-circuits an alternative WBD plan next year to spin off its old-style TV assets, hoping to make its remaining assets more attractive to potential buyers like Apple, Amazon and Netflix.

From The Wall Street Journal Oct. 24, 2025

Beyond that, the decision short-circuits the careful development of the law of PLCAA.

From Slate Jun. 6, 2025

Some scooters began catching fire which, auto experts say, was likely due to short-circuits or faulty battery management system.

From BBC Apr. 17, 2025

Hamlin has had so many memorable, boundary-pushing roles in film and television that the brain short-circuits trying to sort through all of his credits at once.

From Salon Feb. 20, 2025

Cleanliness is a point that must be observed scrupulously; for spark-plugs are apt to foul only too readily, with the result that short-circuits and misfires are apt to occur.

From Gas-Engines and Producer-Gas Plants A Practice Treatise Setting Forth the Principles of Gas-Engines and Producer Design, the Selection and Installation of an Engine, Conditions of Perfect Operation, Producer-Gas Engines and Their Possibilities, the Care of Gas-Engines and Producer-Gas Plants, with a Chapter on Volatile Hydrocarbon and Oil Engines by Mathot, R. E.

That process normally requires an investigation, but can be short-circuited where there are serious harms, risks to children, and histories of non-compliance.

From BBC Jan. 9, 2026

But I was like this person who was short-circuited and I didn’t know how to fix myself.”

From MarketWatch Jan. 8, 2026

His absence figured to make it hard for the Lakers to incorporate the slew of fresh faces they’d brought in to address the defensive deficiencies that had short-circuited their playoff run a season ago.

From The Wall Street Journal Nov. 11, 2025

"Maybe it's the failure of Oslo that gave rise to the rather unconventional approach that Trump has taken, where he has short-circuited any sort of process and simply pressured and cajoled," Yacoubian said.

From Barron's Oct. 14, 2025

Right now his brain is beyond short-circuited, and I’m realizing that he’s going to need a full reboot if he’s going to make it out of this situation alive.

From "Dry" by Neal Shusterman and Jarrod Shusterman

When those directives collide, the result isn’t growth but short-circuiting.

From The Wall Street Journal Apr. 12, 2026

She’s the film’s sole draw, but Thatcher's expertise can’t save it from short-circuiting in the end.

From Salon Jan. 31, 2025

Don’t put it in a freezer – this might stop your device from short-circuiting but the problem will be back once you try to thaw it.

From Seattle Times Feb. 29, 2024

Marsha Hunt appeared in more than 50 films before being accused of communist sympathies, short-circuiting her career.

From Los Angeles Times Jan. 11, 2024

The fourth hit an electrical connection, disintegrating the plug and short-circuiting it.

From "Stormbreaker" by Anthony Horowitz

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