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  • short circuit
    short circuit
    noun
    an abnormal, usually unintentional condition of relatively low resistance between two points of different potential in a circuit, usually resulting in a flow of excess current.
  • short-circuit
    short-circuit
    verb (used with object)
Synonyms

short circuit

1 American  

noun

Electricity.
  1. Also called short.  an abnormal, usually unintentional condition of relatively low resistance between two points of different potential in a circuit, usually resulting in a flow of excess current.


short-circuit 2 American  
[shawrt-sur-kit] / ˌʃɔrtˈsɜr kɪt /

verb (used with object)

short-circuits, present (3rd person singular) short-circuited, past participle, past short-circuiting present participle
  1. Electricity.

    1. to make (an appliance, switch, etc.) inoperable by establishing a short circuit in.

    2. to carry (a current) as a short circuit.

  2. to bypass, impede, hinder, or frustrate.

    Bad weather short-circuited my vacation plans.


verb (used without object)

short-circuits, present (3rd person singular) short-circuited, past participle, past short-circuiting present participle
  1. Electricity. to form a short circuit or become inoperable due to a short circuit.

short circuit British  

noun

  1. a faulty or accidental connection between two points of different potential in an electric circuit, bypassing the load and establishing a path of low resistance through which an excessive current can flow. It can cause damage to the components if the circuit is not protected by a fuse

"Collins English Dictionary — Complete & Unabridged" 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012

verb

  1. to develop or cause to develop a short circuit

  2. (tr) to bypass (a procedure, regulation, etc)

  3. (tr) to hinder or frustrate (plans, etc)

"Collins English Dictionary — Complete & Unabridged" 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012
short circuit Scientific  
/ shôrt /
  1. An electrical path in a circuit that causes most of the current to flow around or away from some other path in the circuit. Accidental short circuits, especially between the high and low voltages of a power supply, can cause very strong current to flow, possibly damaging or overheating the circuit.


short circuit Cultural  
  1. An electrical circuit in which a path of very low resistance has been opened, usually accidentally. When the resistance drops, the electric current (see also current) in the circuit becomes very high and can cause damage to the circuit and start fires.


Other Word Forms

Inflected Forms

Participles

Conjugated Forms

Present

Past

Future

Etymology

Origin of short circuit1

First recorded in 1875–80

Origin of short-circuit2

First recorded in 1870–75

Example Sentences

Examples are provided to illustrate real-world usage of words in context. Any opinions expressed do not reflect the views of Dictionary.com.

See Examples For:

Adams pointed to social media platforms like X as evidence that machines “can easily short circuit our sense of human accountability and responsibility.”

From Salon Mar. 30, 2026

Nets have been placed over certain streets; in previous years metal kite strings have fallen on to electricity wires giving an electric shock to anyone holding them - and causing the wires to short circuit.

From BBC Feb. 7, 2026

Local broadcaster NDTV, citing unnamed police officials, said that a short circuit may have sparked the fire.

From Barron's Oct. 14, 2025

I could still hear the words, feel the numbness settle in, like a short circuit in my brain.

From Los Angeles Times Mar. 14, 2025

Something had gone wrong in the electrical system of the command module, resulting in a short circuit.

From "Flying to the Moon: An Astronaut's Story" by Michael Collins

Kalshi dismissed the charges as "seriously flawed" and "gamesmanship," saying Arizona was attempting to short-circuit its own lawsuit against the state, filed on March 12.

From Barron's Mar. 17, 2026

If Seth wanted a fast decision—to short-circuit the deliberative process through which the company made most decisions—we wanted to hear the cast read the script.

From The Wall Street Journal Feb. 19, 2026

It's an album of intimate, gauzy pop, almost entirely drumless and built around hypnotic musical loops that short-circuit your emotions.

From BBC Dec. 20, 2025

He lies so relentlessly that even his detractors become mentally fatigued as the brain’s basic truth-tracking mechanisms begin to short-circuit.

From Salon Nov. 3, 2025

Cooper reminded Shepard that his body was covered with sensors and electrical wires; he’d short-circuit the system.

From "Fallout: Spies, Superbombs, and the Ultimate Cold War Showdown" by Steve Sheinkin

Eventually, they reach the bottom electrode, creating a permanent connection that short-circuits the device and leaves it stuck in the on state.

From Science Daily Apr. 7, 2026

Her faith is no facade, and it short-circuits the sort of subtextual psychological approach we might expect in a more typical bio-drama.

From The Wall Street Journal Dec. 24, 2025

Beyond that, the decision short-circuits the careful development of the law of PLCAA.

From Slate Jun. 6, 2025

Some scooters began catching fire which, auto experts say, was likely due to short-circuits or faulty battery management system.

From BBC Apr. 17, 2025

This short-circuits the cell, of course, and new plates must be installed, and the jars washed out thoroughly.

From The Automobile Storage Battery Its Care And Repair by Witte, Otto A.

That process normally requires an investigation, but can be short-circuited where there are serious harms, risks to children, and histories of non-compliance.

From BBC Jan. 9, 2026

But I was like this person who was short-circuited and I didn’t know how to fix myself.”

From MarketWatch Jan. 8, 2026

But on the Italians’ opening night, the torrents of rain short-circuited TV monitors and panelists struggled to give their presentations.

From The Wall Street Journal Nov. 21, 2025

"Maybe it's the failure of Oslo that gave rise to the rather unconventional approach that Trump has taken, where he has short-circuited any sort of process and simply pressured and cajoled," Yacoubian said.

From Barron's Oct. 14, 2025

We got a blink for the first time since the STM short-circuited.

From "The First State of Being" by Erin Entrada Kelly

Apple shares had their worst day in more than a year Thursday after it announced big price increases, short-circuiting a tech rally sparked by memory maker Micron’s solid results.

From The Wall Street Journal Jun. 26, 2026

She’s the film’s sole draw, but Thatcher's expertise can’t save it from short-circuiting in the end.

From Salon Jan. 31, 2025

Marsha Hunt appeared in more than 50 films before being accused of communist sympathies, short-circuiting her career.

From Los Angeles Times Jan. 11, 2024

By short-circuiting this process SAP05 provides a new way of carrying out the essential task of protein degradation which serves its own parasitic purpose and is completely independent of ubiquitin.

From Science Daily Dec. 5, 2023

The water was full of short-circuiting spiders, some of them smashing against the pool’s concrete wall with such force they burst.

From "The Lightning Thief" by Rick Riordan

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