surly
Americanadjective
-
churlishly rude or bad-tempered.
a surly waiter.
-
unfriendly or hostile; menacingly irritable.
a surly old lion.
- Synonyms:
- malevolent, threatening
-
dark or dismal; menacing; threatening.
a surly sky.
- Synonyms:
- ominous
-
Obsolete. lordly; arrogant.
adjective
-
sullenly ill-tempered or rude
-
(of an animal) ill-tempered or refractory
-
dismal
-
obsolete arrogant
Synonym Usage
See glum.
Other Word Forms
Etymology
Origin of surly
First recorded in 1560–70; spelling variant of obsolete sirly “lordly, arrogant,” equivalent to sir + -ly
Explanation
Surly describes behavior nobody wants to be around. Think of the irritable old guy who lives on your street and always seems to be simmering with some sullen nasty anger, whose every utterance he spits out with a rude snarl. He's the poster boy for surly. Surly behavior is always frowned upon, but the word's origins are in the behavior of English nobility. Surly's roots are in sirly, as in sir, meaning arrogant, haughty, and superior. Its current meaning implies all that and more, none of it appealing — rude, snotty, sullen, mean and cranky can be added to the list. Generally speaking, if you find yourself in a surly mood, avoid your friends and loved ones.
Vocabulary lists containing surly
The Vocabulary.com Top 1000
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The New SAT: Words to Capture Tone
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The SAT: Words to Capture Tone, List 7
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Example Sentences
Examples are provided to illustrate real-world usage of words in context. Any opinions expressed do not reflect the views of Dictionary.com.
See Examples For:
The Jordan that the audience gets to know is a bit surly and self-centered.
From Los Angeles Times ● Aug. 17, 2026
It’s not hard to see why Platner is so surly in his 11-minute Wednesday video announcing that he would end his campaign.
From Slate ● Jul. 11, 2026
The presence of the surly uncle, insufferable in-law, or grating girlfriend at the holiday table can make it hard to truly count one’s blessings.
From The Wall Street Journal ● Nov. 21, 2025
I recommend having a ‘go box’ for when you slip these surly bonds of earth.
From MarketWatch ● Nov. 20, 2025
From the very beginning she was surly with me, and she didn’t have to worry about getting over any Electra complex, because she never had one.
From "The House of the Spirits: A Novel" by Isabel Allende
He was a surly, proud character who only got surlier and prouder in his old age.
From Slate ● Feb. 10, 2020
As you enjoy your coq au vin this summer in a quaint Parisian bistro, you may find the staff even surlier than usual.
From Slate ● Jul. 24, 2014
After another pricey ride with an even surlier cab driver, our first night at Book Expo was drawing to a close.
From Time ● May 30, 2013
“He’s basically a surlier version of myself,” Mr. Elliott said.
From New York Times ● Jan. 30, 2011
So his take-home pay was getting smaller, and his mother, in turn, was getting surlier.
From "A Confederacy of Dunces" by John Kennedy Toole
The other is the latest, and perhaps surliest, entry in the crowded field of shows about teens trying to fit in.
From Los Angeles Times ● May 26, 2021
Unsurprisingly, the surliest one turns out to be Willow’s mom.
From Washington Post ● Apr. 10, 2019
To be fair, the surliest cities also tend to be the biggest and most fast-paced, which may give visitors an air of indifference—whether it’s intentional or not.
From Time ● Aug. 13, 2015
At the end of the Kettleman’s story arc, the great Jonathan Banks gets to do something besides be the world’s surliest parking attendant.
From Forbes ● Feb. 17, 2015
Old Tiney, surliest of his kind, Who, nurs'd with tender care, And to domestic bounds confined, Was still a wild Jack-hare.
From The Children's Garland from the Best Poets by Coventry Kersey Dighton Patmore
Definitions and idiom definitions from Dictionary.com Unabridged, based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2023
Idioms from The American Heritage® Idioms Dictionary copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.
