surly
Americanadjective
-
churlishly rude or bad-tempered.
a surly waiter.
-
unfriendly or hostile; menacingly irritable.
a surly old lion.
- Synonyms:
- malevolent, threatening
-
dark or dismal; menacing; threatening.
a surly sky.
- Synonyms:
- ominous
-
Obsolete. lordly; arrogant.
adjective
-
sullenly ill-tempered or rude
-
(of an animal) ill-tempered or refractory
-
dismal
-
obsolete arrogant
Related Words
See glum.
Other Word Forms
- surlily adverb
- surliness noun
- unsurlily adverb
- unsurliness noun
- unsurly adjective
Etymology
Origin of surly
First recorded in 1560–70; spelling variant of obsolete sirly “lordly, arrogant,” equivalent to sir + -ly
Explanation
Surly describes behavior nobody wants to be around. Think of the irritable old guy who lives on your street and always seems to be simmering with some sullen nasty anger, whose every utterance he spits out with a rude snarl. He's the poster boy for surly. Surly behavior is always frowned upon, but the word's origins are in the behavior of English nobility. Surly's roots are in sirly, as in sir, meaning arrogant, haughty, and superior. Its current meaning implies all that and more, none of it appealing — rude, snotty, sullen, mean and cranky can be added to the list. Generally speaking, if you find yourself in a surly mood, avoid your friends and loved ones.
Vocabulary lists containing surly
The Vocabulary.com Top 1000
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The New SAT: Words to Capture Tone
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The SAT: Words to Capture Tone, List 7
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Example Sentences
Examples are provided to illustrate real-world usage of words in context. Any opinions expressed do not reflect the views of Dictionary.com.
Beca is a surly delinquent of questionable judgment.
From The Wall Street Journal • Mar. 10, 2026
I recommend creating a “go box” for your family to have when you slip these surly bonds of earth.
From MarketWatch • Nov. 20, 2025
That said, it was adorably quaint to see the recent midseason cliffhanger brawl be kicked off by a surly Russian sensei that resembles Zangief from “Street Fighter.”
From Salon • Feb. 13, 2025
She also had to get used to the idea of who Lydia had become: a widowed mother with a surly unfun daughter who doesn’t believe in ghosts, dating a suspiciously doting hanger-on.
From Los Angeles Times • Aug. 28, 2024
I can’t imagine him helping a surly teenager—other than Andre, that is—with homework.
From "South of Somewhere" by Kalena Miller
Definitions and idiom definitions from Dictionary.com Unabridged, based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2023
Idioms from The American Heritage® Idioms Dictionary copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.
