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plasmid vs. chromosome

plasmid

[plaz-mid] / ˈplæz mɪd /

noun

Microbiology.

a segment of DNA independent of the chromosomes and capable of replication, occurring in bacteria and yeast: used in recombinant DNA procedures to transfer genetic material from one cell to another.

chromosome

[kroh-muh-sohm] / ˈkroʊ məˌsoʊm /

noun

Genetics.

any of several threadlike bodies, consisting of chromatin, that carry the genes in a linear order: the human species has 23 pairs, designated 1 to 22 in order of decreasing size and X and Y for the sex-determining chromosomes.