Venus

[ vee-nuhs ]

noun

, plural Ve·nus·es

1. an ancient Italian goddess of gardens and spring, identified by the Romans with Aphrodite as the goddess of love and beauty.
2. an exceptionally beautiful woman.
3. (sometimes lowercase) Archaeology. a statuette of a female figure, usually carved of ivory and typically having exaggerated breasts, belly, or buttocks, often found in Upper Paleolithic cultures from Siberia to France.
4. Astronomy. the planet second in order from the sun, having an equatorial diameter of 7,521 miles (12,104 km), a mean distance from the sun of 67.2 million miles (108.2 million km), a period of revolution of 224.68 days, and no moons. It is the most brilliant planet in the solar system.
5. Chemistry Obsolete. copper ¹( def 1 ).

Venus

¹

/ ˈviːnəs /

noun

1. the Roman goddess of love Greek counterpartAphrodite
2. mount of Venus
   See mons veneris

Venus

²

/ ˈviːnəs /

noun

1. one of the inferior planets and the second nearest to the sun, visible as a bright morning or evening star. Its surface is extremely hot (over 400°C) and is completely shrouded by dense cloud. The atmosphere is principally carbon dioxide. Mean distance from sun: 108 million km; period of revolution around sun: 225 days; period of axial rotation: 244.3 days (retrograde motion); diameter and mass: 96.5 and 81.5 per cent that of earth respectively
2. the alchemical name for copper 1

Venus

/ vē′nəs /

1. The second planet from the Sun, with a diameter about 400 miles less than that of Earth. Venus is a terrestrial or inner planet and at inferior conjunction comes nearer to Earth than any other planet; depending on its phase, it is also the brightest object in the night sky aside from Earth's moon. Because Venus is an inferior planet (located between Earth and the Sun), it is only visible relatively near the horizon in the first few hours before sunrise or after sunset. It has a dense atmosphere consisting primarily of carbon dioxide, which, together with its proximity to the Sun, creates an intense greenhouse effect, making it the hottest planet in the solar system with an average surface temperature of 464°C (867°F). Venus is completely shrouded by a thick layer of clouds made up mainly of droplets of sulfuric acid with other clouds of vaporous and particulate sulfur dioxide below it. Radar mapping of the Venutian surface shows rolling hills, plains, and numerous volcanoes as well as large impact craters and extensive lava flows.
2. See Table at solar system

Venus

¹

1. In astronomy , the second major planet from the sun , named for the Roman goddess of love. The surface of Venus is very hot and covered with clouds . Spacecraft from the former Soviet Union landed on Venus and survived long enough to send back photographs and measurements. ( See solar system ; see under “Mythology and Folklore.” )

Venus

²

1. The Roman name of Aphrodite , the goddess of love and beauty in classical mythology .

Notes

Venus is seen from the Earth as a bright morning or evening star — occasionally bright enough to cast a shadow.

Word History and Origins

Origin of Venus¹

< Latin Venus, stem Vener- originally a neuter common noun meaning “physical desire, sexual appetite,” hence “qualities exciting desire, seductiveness, charm,” “a goddess personifying sexual attractiveness”; cognate with Sanskrit vanaḥ desire, akin to wish; venerate, venom

Example Sentences

Venus, the second planet from our Sun, vividly demonstrates why the greenhouse effect makes life impossible.

From Salon

Multiple missions have been delayed by years, including Dragonfly, an ambitious rotocopter that will land on Saturn’s moon, Titan, and two spacecraft that will visit Venus.

From Science Magazine

A team of astronomers has found that Venus has never been habitable, despite decades of speculation that our closest planetary neighbour was once much more like Earth than it is today.

From Science Daily

Williams also revealed her older sister Venus, a fellow Wimbledon champion, was a better tennis coach than her - as she had the patience to teach proper technique.

From BBC

In 2020 researchers publishing in the journal Nature Astronomy revealed that the atmosphere of Venus appeared to contain trace amounts of phosphine, a gas associated with anaerobic bacteria on Earth.

From Salon

Related Words

• earth