recapitulate
Americanverb (used with object)
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recapitulates,
present (3rd person singular)
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recapitulated,
past participle, past
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recapitulating
present participle
-
to review by a brief summary, as at the end of a speech or discussion; summarize.
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Biology. (of an organism) to repeat (ancestral evolutionary stages) in its development.
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Music. to restate (the exposition) in a sonata-form movement.
verb (used without object)
-
recapitulates,
present (3rd person singular)
-
recapitulated,
past participle, past
-
recapitulating
present participle
verb
-
to restate the main points of (an argument, speech, etc); summarize
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(tr) (of an animal) to repeat (stages of its evolutionary development) during the embryonic stages of its life
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to repeat at some point during a piece of music (material used earlier in the same work)
Synonym Usage
See repeat.
Other Word Forms
Derived Forms
Inflected Forms
Participles
Conjugated Forms
Present
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recapitulatesimple
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recapitulatessimple
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have recapitulatedperfect
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has recapitulatedperfect
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am recapitulatingprogressive
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are recapitulatingprogressive
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is recapitulatingprogressive
-
have been recapitulatingperfect progressive
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has been recapitulatingperfect progressive
Past
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recapitulatedsimple
-
had recapitulatedperfect
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was recapitulatingprogressive
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were recapitulatingprogressive
-
had been recapitulatingperfect progressive
Future
Etymology
Origin of recapitulate
First recorded in 1560–70; from Late Latin recapitulātus (past participle of recapitulāre ), equivalent to re- re- + capitulātus; see capitulate
Explanation
To recapitulate means to go back and summarize. At the end of an oral report, you might say, "So, to recapitulate, I've made three points," and then you name them. Recapitulate is a long, scary-looking word that actually means something simple and easy. It comes from the Latin re- "again" and capitulum "chapter," which comes from the word caput "head." Think of recapitulating––or recapping, for short––as putting nice little caps on all the bottles you've opened up––tightening everything up.
Vocabulary lists containing recapitulate
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Example Sentences
Examples are provided to illustrate real-world usage of words in context. Any opinions expressed do not reflect the views of Dictionary.com.
See Examples For:
Rather than recapitulate historical chronicles, Mr. Enrigue imagines the event from the Aztec point of view, creating an account that is gory, hallucinatory and thrilling in its strangeness.
From The Wall Street Journal ● Mar. 5, 2026
The platform can determine which models most closely recapitulate the functional changes seen in AD and identify the most relevant pathways for drug discovery.
From Science Daily ● Nov. 27, 2024
So we and many others have worked for decades to make a medicine that could recapitulate that naturally-occurring phenomenon.
From Seattle Times ● Apr. 15, 2024
What is important is that gastruloids recapitulate some features of early development even without the external cues from the placenta or yolk sac that typically direct the organization of an early embryo.
From Scientific American ● Nov. 9, 2023
Yet, uncannily, the trajectory of his psyche had begun to recapitulate Jagu’s.
From "The Gene" by Siddhartha Mukherjee
Goldberg also recapitulates the stories about Trump's fascination with Adolf Hitler as told to him and the other authors by John Kelly.
From Salon ● Oct. 23, 2024
"Our study is the first comprehensive demonstration of a genetically defined cardiac reflex, which faithfully recapitulates characteristics of human syncope at physiological, behavioral and neural network levels."
From Science Daily ● Nov. 1, 2023
Toni Morrison’s “A Mercy,” in less than 200 pages, effectively recapitulates America’s tortuous racial history.
From Los Angeles Times ● Sep. 22, 2023
After all, her professional trajectory perfectly recapitulates her times.
From Seattle Times ● May 9, 2023
The peculiar feature of his peep-show construction, that the viewer is looking at himself as well as at the painting, simply recapitulates this earlier tension.
From "The Invention of Science" by David Wootton
"We were amazed to discover that our evolution experiment in tiny flasks had recapitulated the complex patterns that had been previously observed between bacteria and viruses collected at regional and transoceanic scales," said Borin.
From Science Daily ● Nov. 9, 2023
In that moment it became irrelevant how well I recapitulated Dostoevsky, as long as I kept his element of surprise.
From Washington Post ● Jan. 29, 2022
In his ruling on Andrew’s motion to dismiss the case, the judge recapitulated the allegations in Ms. Giuffre’s lawsuit.
From New York Times ● Jan. 13, 2022
“It seemed like the hair, in a way, recapitulated what we know happens at the cellular level,” Picard says.
From Scientific American ● Jun. 22, 2021
With a faint hum and rattle the moving racks crawled imperceptibly through the weeks and the recapitulated aeons to where, in the Decanting Room, the newly-unbottled babes uttered their first yell of horror and amazement.
From "Brave New World" by Aldous Huxley
"Our concept is recapitulating development: FOXF1 is expressed during development and in healthy tissue, but it decreases with age," Purmessur Walter said.
From Science Daily ● May 16, 2024
There is always a narrative risk when recapitulating events in historical fiction — predetermination can deaden the pulse.
From New York Times ● Jan. 3, 2023
They recast events the reader already knows something about, lending the novel a sense of perpetual circling and recapitulating.
From Los Angeles Times ● Oct. 5, 2022
“It’s always a question when we’re trying to model disease using rodents: Are we really recapitulating the changes that are observed in humans?”
From Science Magazine ● Oct. 6, 2021
Hume, in distinguishing relations of ideas from matters of fact, is recapitulating the fundamental intellectual conflict which gave rise to the Scientific Revolution.
From "The Invention of Science" by David Wootton
Definitions and idiom definitions from Dictionary.com Unabridged, based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2023
Idioms from The American Heritage® Idioms Dictionary copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.
