virtually

American  

[vur-choo-uh-lee] / ˈvɜr tʃu ə li /

adverb

1. for the most part; almost wholly; just about.

   He is virtually unknown.

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virtually British  

/ ˈvɜːtʃʊəlɪ /

adverb

1. in effect though not in fact; practically; nearly

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Usage

What does virtually mean? Virtually most generally means in effect but not in fact, as in Today, virtually all cell phones are smartphones. Close synonyms are nearly, practically, and just about—they all mean virtually the same thing. Virtually is the adverb form of the adjective virtual, which is most generally used to describe something as being the same as something else in almost every way, except perhaps in name or some other minor, technical sense. For example, describing a company as a virtual monopoly means it’s pretty much a monopoly but not technically one, perhaps because it has a few minor competitors. Virtual also commonly means simulated or extended by computer software. The word is used this way in virtual reality, which refers to a fully simulated environment. To render something virtually is to create a representation or simulation of it using a computer. Sometimes, things described as virtual may not involve simulation at all, such as a virtual meeting or a virtual concert. The use of virtual in these phrases represents a more recent sense of the word that means something like “remote and via the internet” (especially when accessed via a live video feed). Virtually can be used in the same way, as in I can’t make it into the office, but I’ll be working virtually. Example: Virtually everyone agrees with the proposal—it has a 99. 9% approval rating.

Etymology

Origin of virtually

late Middle English word dating back to 1400–50; see origin at virtual, -ly

Explanation

Use the adjective virtually to mean almost. If your economics homework is nearly complete, it is virtually done. Virtually also means in essence, or for all intents and purposes. If you virtually ran the German club bake sale by yourself, it means that even though you weren't officially in charge, you might as well have been. In computer science, the word virtually has the extended sense of being part of the simulated computer world. Your character in a computer game might excel virtually at sports even though you're not particularly athletic in real life.

Example Sentences

When Thoreau set out for his first of his three chronicled trips to Cape Cod in 1849, he was a virtually unknown hanger-on to America’s foremost public intellectual, Ralph Waldo Emerson.

From The Wall Street Journal • May 29, 2026

An independent body which hears disputes from social media users in the EU says Meta virtually never replies when it raises cases of people who say they have been wrongly banned from their accounts.

From BBC • May 28, 2026

At that time, Earth was in a greenhouse state with very high atmospheric CO2 levels and virtually no polar ice sheets.

From Science Daily • May 27, 2026

Now there was virtually no chance the fetus’s lungs would develop to reach the edge of viability in seven weeks.

From Salon • May 27, 2026

Anyone apprehensive about the encroaching powers of the federal government must have felt a palpable sense of reassurance that the seat of power was virtually invisible.

From "Founding Brothers: The Revolutionary Generation" by Joseph J. Ellis

Related Words

• basically
• essentially
• nearly
• practically