hypothesis

American  

[hahy-poth-uh-sis, hi-] / haɪˈpɒθ ə sɪs, hɪ- /

noun

hypotheses plural

1. a proposition, or set of propositions, set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena, either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide investigation working hypothesis or accepted as highly probable in the light of established facts.

2. a proposition assumed as a premise in an argument.

3. the antecedent of a conditional proposition.

4. a mere assumption or guess.

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hypothesis British  

/ haɪˈpɒθɪsɪs /

noun

1. a suggested explanation for a group of facts or phenomena, either accepted as a basis for further verification ( working hypothesis ) or accepted as likely to be true Compare theory

2. an assumption used in an argument without its being endorsed; a supposition

3. an unproved theory; a conjecture

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hypothesis Scientific  

/ hī-pŏth′ĭ-sĭs /

hypotheses plural

1. A statement that explains or makes generalizations about a set of facts or principles, usually forming a basis for possible experiments to confirm its viability.

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hypothesis Cultural  

1. plur. hypotheses (heye-poth-uh-seez) In science, a statement of a possible explanation for some natural phenomenon. A hypothesis is tested by drawing conclusions from it; if observation and experimentation show a conclusion to be false, the hypothesis must be false. (See scientific method and theory.)

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Usage

What is a hypothesis? In science, a hypothesis is a statement or proposition that attempts to explain phenomena or facts. Hypotheses are often tested to see if they are accurate. Crafting a useful hypothesis is one of the early steps in the scientific method, which is central to every field of scientific experimentation. A useful scientific hypothesis is based on current, accepted scientific knowledge and is testable. Outside of science, the word hypothesis is often used more loosely to mean a guess or prediction.

Synonym Usage

See theory.

Other Word Forms

Derived Forms

• counterhypothesis
  noun
• hypothesist
  noun
• subhypothesis
  noun

Inflected Forms

Nouns

• hypotheses
  plural

Etymology

Origin of hypothesis

First recorded in 1590–1600, hypothesis is from the Greek word hypóthesis “basis, supposition”; see hypo-, thesis

Explanation

In science, a hypothesis is an idea or explanation that you then test through study and experimentation. Outside science, a theory or guess can also be called a hypothesis. A hypothesis is something more than a wild guess but less than a well-established theory. In science, a hypothesis needs to go through a lot of testing before it gets labeled a theory. In the non-scientific world, the word is used a lot more loosely. A detective might have a hypothesis about a crime, and a mother might have a hypothesis about who spilled juice on the rug. Anyone who uses the word hypothesis is making a guess.

Example Sentences

See Examples For:

hypothesis hypotheses

The European origin of the hypothesis has been used to blame Europe in part for the Rwandan genocide, a position held by anthropologist Mahmood Mamdani, whose son is mayor of New York.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Jul. 22, 2026

In writing history, there must be intense rigor — evidence is important and if you have evidence that should counteract any bias or hypothesis.

From Los Angeles Times ● Jul. 21, 2026

Markus's data shows a possible link, but he cautions that it is a hypothesis at this stage and there are likely to be many other factors at play.

From BBC ● Jul. 19, 2026

He also pointed to previous research showing that agricultural workers with long term pesticide exposure experience higher rates of lung cancer, adding support to the hypothesis.

From Science Daily ● Jul. 13, 2026

Real science knows that if a hypothesis can’t be consistently proven, it’s false.

From "American Spirits" by Barb Rosenstock

Some medical researchers let AI models take the lead alongside human lab workers to gather information, stress-test hypotheses, interpret data and spit out plans.

From The Wall Street Journal ● Jul. 26, 2026

To explain this contrast, the authors compare several hypotheses: natural selection, sex-biased demographic processes or partner preference.

From Science Daily ● Jul. 7, 2026

The continuing delay, he argues, points to competing hypotheses, unresolved leads and possible mechanical issues that have yet to be fully explained.

From BBC ● Jun. 15, 2026

It also puts forward hypotheses about why this belly-brain choreography exists.

From Los Angeles Times ● May 7, 2026

It was this process of making up explanations that might or might not be true that Newton rejected when he insisted hypotheses non fingo.

From "The Invention of Science" by David Wootton

Related Words

• assumption
• axiom
• conclusion
• conjecture
• explanation
• guess
• inference
• interpretation
• premise
• proposition
• rationale
• supposition
• theorem
• thesis