participle

[pahr-tuh-sip-uh l, -suh-puh l]

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noun Grammar.

an adjective or complement to certain auxiliaries that is regularly derived from the verb in many languages and refers to participation in the action or state of the verb; a verbal form used as an adjective. It does not specify person or number in English, but may have a subject or object, show tense, etc., as burning, in a burning candle, or devoted in his devoted friend.

Origin of participle

1350–1400; Middle English < Middle French, variant of participe < Latin participium, derivative of particeps taking part, equivalent to parti- (stem of pars) part + -cep- (combining form of capere to take) + -s nominative singular ending

Usage note

See dangling participle, misplaced modifier.

Dictionary.com Unabridged Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2019

Related Words for participle

deponent, gerund, infinitive

Examples from the Web for participle

Historical Examples of participle

The infinitive is often used in poetry after a verb of motion where we should use the present participle.
Beowulf
Unknown
The participle may also have the character of an adjective, the adverb either of an adjective or of a preposition.
Cratylus
Plato
This form of the past participle of the verb to light is now obsolete.
The Verbalist
Thomas Embly Osmun, (AKA Alfred Ayres)
Ago is derived from the participle agone, while since comes from a preposition.
The Verbalist
Thomas Embly Osmun, (AKA Alfred Ayres)
Flown is the past participle of to fly, and flowed of to flow.
The Verbalist
Thomas Embly Osmun, (AKA Alfred Ayres)

British Dictionary definitions for participle

participle

noun

a nonfinite form of verbs, in English and other languages, used adjectivally and in the formation of certain compound tensesSee also present participle, past participle

Derived Formsparticipial (ˌpɑːtɪˈsɪpɪəl), adjective, nounparticipially, adverb

Word Origin for participle

C14: via Old French from Latin participium, from particeps partaker, from pars part + capere to take

Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012

Word Origin and History for participle

late 14c., "a noun-adjective," from Old French participle (13c.), variant of participe, from Latin participium, literally "a sharing, partaking," from particeps "sharing, partaking" (see participation). In grammatical sense, the Latin translates Greek metokhe "sharer, partaker," and the notion is of a word "partaking" of the nature of both a noun and an adjective.

participle in Culture

participle

[(pahr-tuh-sip-uhl)]

The verb form that combines with an auxiliary verb to indicate certain tenses.

The present participle is formed by adding -ing to the infinitive; it indicates present action: “The girl is swimming”; “I am thinking.” (Compare gerund.)

The past participle usually ends in -ed; it indicates completed or past action: “The gas station has closed”; “The mayor had spoken.”

Participles may also function as adjectives: “Your mother is a charming person”; “This is a talking parrot”; “Spoken words cannot be revoked.”

Note

A “dangling” participle is one that is not clearly connected to the word it modifies: “Standing at the corner, two children walked past me.” A better version of this example would be, “While I was standing at the corner, two children walked past me.”